Astronomy教案
allow …to do 允許某人做某事。如：
her parents won’t allow her to stay out later than 11:00 in the evening. 她父母不允許她晚上在外逗留超過(guò)11點(diǎn)。
please allow me to explain that i did not have any idea about his arrangement. 請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我解釋，我事先不知道他的安排。
但要注意：“準(zhǔn)許做某事”應(yīng)當(dāng)是allow doing 不是allow to do。如：
they shouldn’t allow parking in this street. it’s too narrow. 他們不應(yīng)該允許在這條街上停車，街道太窄了。
walking on the grass is not allowed. 不許踩踏草坪。
5. this encouraged the development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. 這為早期貝類及其他各種魚(yú)類的發(fā)育進(jìn)一步創(chuàng)造了條件。
encourage 鼓勵(lì)；促進(jìn)；慫恿
father encouraged him to study physics but he prefers maths.父親鼓勵(lì)他學(xué)物理，但他更喜歡數(shù)學(xué)。
he encouraged me to learn dancing. 他鼓勵(lì)我去學(xué)跳舞。
名詞后綴-ment加在動(dòng)詞之后表示：
1)行為，例如：argument, betterment, development, treatment.
2)結(jié)果，例如：arrangement, statement, settlement.
3) 工具，例如：instrument, pavement.
6. they produced young generally by laying eggs. 它們一般是通過(guò)孵蛋而繁衍后代的。
by doing 用于說(shuō)明做某事的手段，方式。如：
i don’t think she can help him by just giving him money. 我認(rèn)為她光靠給錢(qián)是幫不了他的。
he used to make his living by painting. 他以前是靠畫(huà)畫(huà)為生。
7.they are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.他們把過(guò)多的二氧化碳釋放到大氣層中，這使得地球上的熱不能釋放到太空中去。
prevent …from doing 阻止某人做某事。如：
his heart trouble did not prevent him (from) going to class the next day. 他的心臟病痛沒(méi)能阻止他第二天去上課。
nothing can prevent their plans (from) being carried out. 什么也不能阻止他們的計(jì)劃得以實(shí)施。
8. whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved. 在未來(lái)的數(shù)百萬(wàn)年中，生命能否在地球上延續(xù)取決于這個(gè)問(wèn)題能否得到解決。
(sth) depend on (sth else): something might only happen or be true if the circumstances are right for it 取決于；決定于。如：
“will you go fishing this afternoon?” “well, it all depends on the weather.” “你今天下午去釣魚(yú)嗎？” “得看天氣。”
for millions of years to come 中不定式to come作定語(yǔ)，與前面的名詞之間有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，例如：
she is the last person to do such a thing. 她是最不像做這種事的人。
【高考鏈接】
主語(yǔ)從句
一、由what（whatever，whoever）等代詞引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。
what they are after is money. 他們追求的是金錢(qián)。
whatever was said here must be kept secret. 這里說(shuō)的話都應(yīng)當(dāng)保密。
二、由連詞that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。其中that一般不可省略，但若用it作形式主語(yǔ)， that從句后置時(shí)，則可省略。為避免頭重腳輕，我們傾向用it開(kāi)頭，后接be，seem等。如果句子是疑問(wèn)形式，就只能用帶it的結(jié)構(gòu)。