牛津譯林版高中英語Unit 4單元復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案
我很高興今天有機會同大家談?wù)劼?lián)合國的情況。聯(lián)合國在英文里常被稱為un。
歸納拓展
【溫馨提示】
refer的過去式、過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞分別是referred，referred，referring；refer作為不及物動詞與to搭配，to是介詞后接名詞、代詞或動詞ing形式。
例句探源
①(朗文p1712)if you don’t know what book to get，refer to the list on page 3.
如果你不知道要什么書，請查看第三頁上的書單。
②(牛津p1666)the victims were not referred to by name.
沒有提到受害人的姓名。
③this paragraph refers to the event of last year.
這一段說的是去年發(fā)生的事。
④she always referred to ben as“that nice man”.
她總是稱本為“那個大好人”。
易混辨析
look up，refer to
都有“參考”“查詢”的意思，但搭配不同。
(1)look up的賓語多為word，information等，不可以是book，dictionary，sb.等。
(2)refer to意思比較廣泛，它既可作“查詢”“查找”講，又可作“談到”“提及”講。其賓語多為book，dictionary，sb.等。
①you may look up the word in the dictionary if you don’t know its meaning.
②she didn’t even refer to the notes when she made the speech.
③when i meet new words i don’t know，i often refer to the dictionary.
10.完成句子
(1)我要說的這一切和你們大家有關(guān)。
what i have to say________ ________all of you.
答案：refers to
(2)他的正餐是參照一本食譜做的。
he cooked dinner by________ ________a cookbook.
答案：referring to
(3)地方法院決定把這案件提交高級法院。
the local court decided to________ ________ ________ ________the high court.
答案：refer the case to
(4)關(guān)于你的申請，你的工作經(jīng)驗會使你有資格得到這份工作。
________ ________ ________your application，your working experience will make you qualify for the job.
答案：with reference to
(5)科學(xué)家們把這個發(fā)現(xiàn)看作是這個領(lǐng)域的最激動人心的新進(jìn)展。
the scientists________ ________ ________ ________
________the most exciting new development in this field.
答案：referred to the discovery as
7.break down 打破，毀掉，破除；制服，壓倒；坍塌，壞掉；(計劃等)失敗，不成功；(在健康、精神方面)垮掉
(回歸課本p59)unfortunately，if the pump breaks down，the repairing of the pump takes several days，as an engineer has to come from the nearest town to repair it.
不幸的是，如果水泵壞了的話，修好它得用好多天，因為得從最近的城鎮(zhèn)請工程師來修。
歸納拓展
break away from從……中脫離
break in闖入；打斷
break into闖入(后接賓語)
break out(火災(zāi)、戰(zhàn)爭等)突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)break through突破(障礙，包圍等)
break up分開；驅(qū)散；解散；結(jié)束，終止break off斷開；突然終止
例句探源
①(牛津p233)the telephone system has broken down.
電話系統(tǒng)癱瘓了。
②her health broke down under the pressure of work.
她因工作壓力身體垮掉了。
③(朗文p229)the talks broke down completely in june 1982.