British and American English教學案

step 3. homework
recite the phrases and sentence patterns .

period 3: grammar—review of verb forms (1)
goals
●to review present simple, present continuous, present perfect and future reference; for and since with present perfect
procedures
▇ reviewing present simple, present continuous, present perfect
active tenses
simple present
present action or condition general truths non-action; habitual action future time
• i hear you.
• here comes the bus. • there are thirty days in september. • i like music.
• i run on tuesdays and sundays. • the train leaves at 4:00 p.m.
present progressive
activity in progress verbs of perception
• i am playing soccer now • he is feeling sad
present perfect
with verbs of state that begin in the past and lead up to and include the present to express habitual or continued action with events occurring at an indefinited or unspecified time in the past -- with ever, never, before
the passive tenses
simple present
active: passive:
• the company ships the computers to many foreign countries. • computers are shipped to many foreign countries.
present progressive
active: passive:
• the chef is preparing the food. • the food is being prepared.
present perfect
active: passive:
• someone has made the arrangements for us. • the arrangements have been made for us.
■ using the present perfect tense: for or since?
we use present perfect tense to talk about action which started in the past and continues up to the present.
examples
i have had this computer for about a year.
how long have you been at this school?
i haven't seen julia since september.
tip! for other uses of the present perfect tense, see the present perfect tense - when to use.
we use for with a period of time, for example: a few days, half an hour, two years. we use since with the time when the action started, for example: last year, june 8, i met you.
each of these present perfect sentences contains a time expression. each time expression is a length of time (which requires for) or a starting time (which requires since).
1 maya has been a professional ________ 1989.
2 so far, it has rained ________ five hours.
3 i haven't been snowboarding ________ last winter.
4 jo has been a student here ________ march.
5 the beaver has been an emblem of canada ________ many years.
6 cougars have almost disappeared from the victoria area ________ humans settled here.