Module 6 The World’s Cultural Heritage
表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬：wish+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)
表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬：wish+主語(yǔ)+ had+ 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞
表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬：wish+主語(yǔ)+ would+ 動(dòng)詞原形
如：
i wish i knew the answer to the question. 我希望知道這個(gè)問題的答案。
how i wish i hadn’t said that to him last night! 我多么希望昨天晚上沒對(duì)他說(shuō)那些話！
i wish it would stop raining. 但愿雨能停住。
※ 【注意】
在表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有時(shí)也可用would\ should\ could\ might +have +過(guò)去分詞。如：
i wish i could have seen her at the party last night.要是昨天晚上在舞會(huì)上能夠見到該多好。
③ would rather\ would prefer等后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中
在would rather\ would prefer等后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣：表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況用過(guò)去時(shí)；表示過(guò)去的情況用had +過(guò)去分詞。如：
i would rather it were winter now. 我但愿現(xiàn)在是冬天。
i would rather you came on sunday. 希望你星期天來(lái) 。
i would like you had done the work before. 我希望你以前做過(guò)這項(xiàng)工作。
(2) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在主語(yǔ)從句中：
句型： it is + 形容詞\ 過(guò)去分詞\ 名詞+ that從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用 (should) +動(dòng)詞原形。
① 常用的形容詞：advisable適當(dāng)?shù)模侠淼模籥nxious焦慮的；appropriate適當(dāng)?shù)模籦etter較好的；desirable理想的；essential緊要的；insistent堅(jiān)持的；important重要的；necessary 必要的；natural 自然的；right正確的；strange 奇怪的；surprising驚奇的；regretful遺憾的；urgent緊迫的等。如：
it is necessary that we (should) clean the room every day. 有必要天天打掃房間。
it is natural that such a hardworking student (should) pass the exam. 這么用功的學(xué)生考試及格是很自然的事。
② 常用的過(guò)去分詞：decided 決定；demanded要求；desired期望，要求得到；ordered命令；proposed提議； requested要求；suggested建議；required 要求；recommended建議， 推薦；wanted希望等。如：
it was suggested that she (should) take part in the club activities.有人建議他參加俱樂部活動(dòng)。
it is decided that the meeting (should) be put off till tomorrow. 已經(jīng)決定會(huì)議延期到明天。
it has been proposed that we change the topic. 有人提議我們改變題目。
③ 常用的名詞：duty 職責(zé)；pity遺憾；shame羞恥，不象話；regret遺憾，后悔；no wonder不足為奇；no surprise不奇怪。如：
it is a pity that you (should) be so careless. 遺憾的是你如此粗心。
it is no wonder that he should have succeeded. 他成功了是不足為奇的。
(3) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在表語(yǔ)從句中：
① as if\ as though引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句：
當(dāng)as if 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用陳述也可用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。其形式如下：
主語(yǔ)+ 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)(were\ was) (表示與主句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生)
主句+ as if (though)+ 主語(yǔ)+ could\ would + 動(dòng)詞原形 (表示動(dòng)詞可能在將來(lái)發(fā)生)