備戰2019屆高考英語(通用版)一輪復習專題10 省略句
備戰XX屆高考英語(通用版)一輪復習
專題10 省略句
【考綱解讀】
高考中對于省略的考查常體現在復合句的省略、動詞不定式的省略以及交際用語中一些習慣性的省略中。
【知識要點】
省略和替代一樣,也是一種避免重復、突出關鍵詞語并使上下文緊密連接的語法手段。只要不損害語法結構或產生歧義,能省略就應省略。尤其在對話中,它是一種普遍的現象,因為它有助于語言上的簡潔。
1.可省略主語和謂語。
a word about your composition.我現在談一下你的作文。(省略了ill say...)
though tired,he was not disheartened.他雖然累了,但沒有泄氣。(省略了he was...)
got a light?有火嗎?(句首省略了have you...)
2.可省去從句。
you have done better this time.這一次你做得好些了。(省去從句than you did before)
oh,that reminds me.噢,這使我想起了一件事。(me之后省去了that從句,其內容由具體情況而定)
3.可用不定式to,省去前面提到的謂語動詞。
jack didn’t pass the driving test,but he still hope to.(to后省去了pass)杰克沒有通過駕駛證考試,但他仍希望能通過。
4.可用so,not省略前面提到的事,表肯定與否定。
—do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?你認為周末會下雨嗎?
—i believe not/i believe so.我想不會/我想會的。
(即i don’t believe it’s going to rain)
5.根據不同語境可省略不同成分。如:
only if,if only,what so ever, in case
6.特殊疑問句的省略。
where to?去哪里?
(=where are you going to?)
what for?為什么?
(例如:what do you come here for?你來這里干什么?)
why not do it?為什么不做那件事呢?
(=why don’t you do it?)
how/what about(sb)doing sth.?做某事怎么樣?
what’s on tonight?今晚上映什么?
what’s up?發生什么事了?
【考點詮釋】
省略是為了使句子更簡潔,同時又不影響句子意義的表達。因此,省略的部分常常可以從句子結構本身或句子所處的語境中可以明確領會其成分。如:
you are as tall as he (is).
when (you are) in rome, do as the romans do.
1.比較從句中的省略
i love classic music more than (i like) rock and roll.
he is no longer so shy as (he was) before.
2.在時間狀語和條件狀語從句中的省略
while (i was) on the street, i came across a friend of mine.
if (you are) offered help, never forget to say “thank you!”
if (it is) possible, i would like to go there tomorrow.
3.在其他狀語從句中的省略
i won’t go there unless (i am) invited.
things have turned out just as (they were) expected.
how beautiful ( it is)!
4.在并列從句中的省略
the girls are very hard-working; the boys (are very hard-working) too.
the news made some people happy, but (it made) some (other people) sad.
5.命令和請求