2019屆高考英語第一輪語法大全復習教案及配套練習1
(對) he admired that which looked beautiful. 他贊賞外表漂亮的東西。
(對) he admired those who looked beautiful. 他贊賞那些外表漂亮的人。(those指人)
(錯) he admired that who danced well. (that作賓語時不能指人)
(對) he admired those who danced well. 他贊賞跳舞好的人。(those指人)
(對) he admired those which looked beautiful. 他贊賞那些外表漂亮的東西。(those指物)
3.10 疑問代詞
1) 疑問代詞在句中起名詞詞組的作用,用來構成疑問句。疑問代詞有下列幾個:
指人: who, whom, whose
指物: what
既可指人又可指物: which
2) 疑問代詞在句中應位于謂語動詞之前,沒有性和數的變化,除who之外也沒有格的變化。what, which, whose還可作限定詞。試比較:
疑問代詞:whose are these books on the desk? 桌上的書是誰的?
what was the directional flow of u. s. territorial expansion? 美國的領土擴張是朝哪個方向的?
限定詞:whose books are these on the desk? 桌上的書是誰的?
what events led to most of the east of the mississippi river becoming part of the united states?
哪些事件使密西西比河以東的大部分土地歸屬于美國?
說明1:無論是做疑問代詞還是限定詞,which 和 what 所指的范圍不同。what所指的范圍是無限的,而which則指在一定的范圍內。例如:
which girls do you like best? 你喜歡哪幾個姑娘?
what girls do you like best? 你喜歡什么樣的姑娘?
說明2:whom是who的賓格,在書面語中,它作動詞賓語或介詞賓語,在口語中作賓語時,可用who代替,但在介詞后只能用whom, 例如:
who(m)did you meet on the street? 你在街上遇到了誰?(作動詞賓語)
who(m) are you taking the book to? 你要把這書帶給誰?(作介詞賓語,置句首)
to whom did you speak on the campus? 你在校園里和誰講話了?(作介詞賓語,置介詞后,不能用who取代。)
說明3: 疑問代詞用于對介詞賓語提問時,過去的文體中介詞和疑問代詞通常一起放在句首,現代英語中,疑問代詞在句首,介詞在句末。例如:
for what do most people live and work? 大部分人生活和工作的目的是什么?(舊文體)
what are you looking for? 你在找什么?(現代英語)
說明4: 疑問代詞還可引導名詞性從句。例如:
i can\'t make out what he is driving at. 我不知道他用意何在。
can you tell me whose is the blue shirt on the bed? 你能告訴我床上的藍襯衣是誰的嗎?
much of what you say i agree with, but i cannot go all the way with you.
你說的我大部分同意,但并不完全贊同。
3.11. 關系代詞
1) 關系代詞用來引導定語從句。它代表先行詞,同時在從句中作一定的句子成分。例如:
the girl to whom i spoke is my cousin. 跟我講話的姑娘是我表妹。
該句中whom既代表先行詞the girl,又在從句中作介詞to的賓語。