2019屆高考英語情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣第二輪備考復(fù)習(xí)教案
(•四川卷)20.the police still have i found the lost child, but they’re doing about they .【a】
a.can b.may c.must d.should
二、虛擬語氣
1、虛擬語氣的重點是:
1).一些常見的虛擬語氣的句型或結(jié)構(gòu)。
2).虛擬語氣的特殊形式,即用來表示要求、建議、命令、提議、意愿等的主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中的虛擬形式。
3).主從句表示不同的時間概念、事實或假設(shè)情況,從而交錯成為復(fù)合虛擬語氣。
4).含蓄條件句中的虛擬語氣的表示愿望的虛擬形式。
2、虛擬語氣的常見類型和句型
(1)由wish引起的表示愿望的虛擬語氣
a.用wish表示對現(xiàn)在的愿望時,它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為:過去式(be動詞用were)。
b.用wish表示對將來的愿望時,它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為:would, could, might+ 動詞原形。
c.wish用于對過去的事實表示一種不可能實現(xiàn)的愿望時,賓語從句中的謂語動詞形式為:had+動詞過去分詞或could, would + have +動詞過去分詞。
the picture exhibition bored me to death; i wish i had not gone to it.
(2)would (had) rather, would as soon, would sooner和would prefer所引起的從句中要求用過去式表示當(dāng)時或?qū)淼那闆r,用過去完成時表示過去的情況,表示希望或婉轉(zhuǎn)的責(zé)備。
i’d rather you posted the letter right away.
我倒希望你把這封信立刻寄出去。
(3)由連接詞in case, so that ,unless, lest ,for fear that引起的狀語從句中,謂語動詞要用虛擬形式,即should(might, would)+動詞原形,
she put a blanket over the baby for fear that he should catch cold.
她在那個嬰兒身上蓋上了毯子以免他著涼。
the bad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself.
(4) 虛擬語氣在條件句中的應(yīng)用
表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反:if + 從句主語 + 動詞的過去式…,主語+should/ would/ could/ might + 動詞原形…(be 一般用were)
表示與過去事實相反:if + 從句主語 + had + 過去分詞…,主語+should/ would/ could/ might +have +過去分詞…
表示與將來事實可能相反: if + 從句主語 + ①動詞的過去式…,②should +動詞原形…, ③were to +動詞原形…, 主語 + should/ would/ could/ might + 動詞原形…
if it had not been for his help(=but for his help),we would not have succeeded.
(5) 虛擬語氣用于as if(though)引起的方式狀語從句和表語從句中,其動詞形式與wish賓語從句的形式相同。
she often laughs spontaneously, and her good humor breaks out as brightly as if it were a part of the sunshine above.
她常常發(fā)出發(fā)自內(nèi)心的微笑,而且她那美好的情緒像天上一道明亮的陽光一樣,常常流露出來。
they talked as if they had been friends for years.
他們交談著,就好像他們是我年的老朋友一樣。
(6)其它各種句型, as though, suppose, had rather, supposing, if only等等
if i were in a movie, then it would be about time that i buried my head in my hands for a cry.