情態動詞復習
you ought to (should) have been more careful in this experiment.
he ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.（事實上已扔了。）
ought to 在語氣上比should 要強。
4) needn't have done sth 本沒必要做某事
i dressed very warmly for the trip, but i needn't have done so. the weather was hot.
5) would like to have done sth 本打算做某事
i would like to have read the article, but i was very busy then.
8 should 和ought to
should 和ought to 都為"應該"的意思，可用于各種人稱。
---ought he to go?
---yes. i think he ought to.
表示要求，命令時，語氣由 should（應該）、had better最好）、must（必須）漸強。
9 had better表示"最好"
had better 相當于一個助動詞，它只有一種形式，它后面要跟動詞原形。
had better do sth
had better not do sth
it is pretty cold. you'd better put on my coat.
she'd better not play with the dog.
had better have done sth表示與事實相反的結果，意為"本來最好"。
you had better have come earlier.
10 would rather表示"寧愿"
would rather do
would rather not do
would rather… than… 寧愿……而不愿。
還有would sooner, had rather, had sooner都表示"寧愿"、"寧可"的意思。
if i have a choice, i had sooner not continue my studies at this school.
i would rather stay here than go home. = i would stay here rather than go home.
典型例題
---- shall we go skating or stay at home?
----which ___ do?
a. do you rather b. would you rather c. will you rather d. should you rather
答案b。本題考查情態動詞rather的用法，would rather +do sth 意為"寧愿"，本題為疑問句， would 提前，所以選b。
11 will和would
注意：
1）would like； would like to do = want to 想要，為固定搭配。
would you like to go with me?
2）will you…? would you like…? 表示肯定含義的請求勸說時，疑問句中一般用some, 而不是any。
would you like some cake?
3）否定結構中用will，一般不用would, won't you是一種委婉語氣。
won't you sit down?
12 情態動詞的回答方式
問句 肯定回答 否定回答
need you…? yes, i must. no,i needn't
must you…? /don't have to.
典型例題
1）---could i borrow your dictionary?
---yes, of course, you____.
a. might b. will c. can d. should
答案c.could表示委婉的語氣，并不為時態。答語中of course，表示肯定的語氣，允許某人做某事時，用can和 may來表達，不能用could或might。復習： will 與you連用，用來提出要求或下命令。should與you 連用，用來提出勸告。
2）---shall i tell john about it?
---no, you ___. i've told him already.
a. needn't b. wouldn't c. mustn't d. shouldn't