2020屆高考英語必修3 Unit 5頂尖復習教案
作文指導
長句和短句的變換
長句含有許多修飾語，適合表達準確而復雜的思想，解釋觀點或理論，描寫細致的事物；短句比較簡潔、明快、有力，適合陳述重要的事實或想法。長句使文章富有氣勢，卻容易產(chǎn)生語法錯誤，或者造成理解障礙；短句不容易出錯，但是短句的堆砌容易讓人感覺語言技巧不成熟、不老練。
在實際寫作中，一味地采用長句或短句都是不可取的，要長短句交替使用。通常最簡單而又適用于應試的長短句交錯的方法是：以簡單句為基礎，配以適當?shù)牟⒘芯浜蛷秃暇洹：唵尉淇砷L可短，一般要加些附屬成分，如分詞短語、不定式短語、介詞短語和副詞短語等。
短句變長句
【佳句選粹1】
【原文】 【優(yōu)化】
lies do harm to those who are being told.lies also do harm to those who tell them. lies not only do harm to those who are being told，but also do harm to those who tell them.
【分析】 原來的兩個句子之間存在明顯的并列關系，因此應將其合二為一，改寫成由“not only...，but also...”連接成的一個并列句，這樣才更符合英語作為“形合語言”的特點。
【佳句選粹2】
【原文】 【優(yōu)化】
his overall performance was outstanding and worked extremely well with people.he always proves himself hardworking and modest. his overall performance was outstanding and worked extremely well with people and he always proves himself hardworking and modest.
【分析】 原來的兩個句子之間存在明顯的并列關系，因此應將其合二為一，改寫成由and連接成的一個并列句，這樣才更符合英語作為“形合語言”的特點。
【佳句選粹3】
【原文】 【優(yōu)化】
in most countries，schools can be divided into two broad categories：public schools and private schools.public schools are financed by the government and enroll both boys and girls.the majority of private schools are single¬sex educational establishments. in most countries，schools can be divided into two broad categories：public schools，which are financed by the government and enroll both boys and girls，and private schools，the majority of which are single¬sex educational establishments.
【分析】 句子“public schools are financed by the government and enroll both boys and girls.”中的“public schools”用which代替，并作為引導詞變成非限制性定語從句；句子“the majority of private schools are single¬sex educational establishments.”中的“private schools”用which代替，變成了“the majority of which”形式，這正是定語從句“介詞of＋which”結(jié)構(gòu)。用了兩個定語從句優(yōu)化后，句子顯得更有文采，而且更有氣勢。
長句變短句
長句固然能表達出復雜而縝密的思想，但如果片面追求復雜句式，華而不實，反而成為表達的累贅。
寫作中句子的長短應根據(jù)表達的需要，有話則長，無話則短。短句不僅指句子長度較短，也指句子內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)精練。簡潔是一個重要的原則，用詞累贅是寫作的大忌。