高一英語第二十五單元 At the Conference
科目 英語
年級 高一
文件 high1 unit25.1.doc
標題 At the Conference
章節(jié) 第二十五單元
關(guān)鍵詞 高一英語第二十五單元
內(nèi)容
一、教法建議
【拋磚引玉】
單元雙基學(xué)習(xí)目標
Ⅰ . 詞匯學(xué)習(xí)
send out , get through , ring back , repeat , funny , lady , attention , unable , world - famous , serious , introduction , college , joke , note , organize , medical , attend , organizer , gentleman , earn , suppose , out of breath , conference , a . m . , p . m . , make up , expert , throat
Ⅱ . 交際英語
打電話
1 . Can you ring up … ? 2 . I can\'t get through .
3 . The line\'s busy . 4 . I\'ll try again later .
5 . Could I speak to …, please ? 6 . Hold on , please .
7 . Can I take a message ? 8 . This is … speaking .
9 . Can you ask … to ring me back , please ? 10 . I\'ll ask … to call you .
Ⅲ . 語法學(xué)習(xí)
情態(tài)動詞 must , may , might , can\'t , could …
這些情態(tài)動詞常用來表示推測。
1 . must 用于肯定句，作“準是；一定是；一定是；相必是”解，對當前發(fā)生的情況作出非常肯定的推測。
must 用來表示有把握的肯定推測， ( 否定推測用 can\'t , 不能用 mustn\'t ) 其推測原因往往是根據(jù)某項客觀存在的條件產(chǎn)生的。
The man talking to the students in the classroom must be a teacher .
2 . can\'t 或 couldn\'t 作“不可能，想必不會”解，以對當前發(fā)生的事作出否定的推測，表示出驚異，懷疑的情緒。
He can\'t be waiting for us at the school gate since he is ill .
3 . might , may , could 用于肯定，但它表示一種不太肯定的說法。譯成“也許；可能”。這幾個詞同 must 相比，表示“無客觀條件線索”的推測。
She might ( may , could ) be in the classroom .
【指點迷津】
怎樣用好SUPPOSE
※ 想，認為 ( =guess , think ) 。
1 . 后接從句。
I suppose we\'re too late to catch the 9 : 30 train .
John supposed that he could find a job soon .
I don\'t suppose it\'s the rush hour yet .
I don\'t suppose she\'ll agree with us on the matter .
2 . 后接名詞/代詞 + 不定式 ( 不定式多為 to be ) 。
I suppose him to be around fifty . ( =I suppose that he is around fifty . )
She is supposed to be an expert in this field .
The work is not as simple as it was supposed to be .
這里值得注意的是 be supposed to… , 常常表示“應(yīng)該……”。
He is supposed to be here on time .
We are supposed to help each other .
We are not supposed to smoke on the bus .
3 . 與 so , not 連用。
— Will she come with us ?
— Yes , I suppose so .
— Will it rain ?
— No , I suppose not . /I don\'t suppose so .
4 . 用于插入語。
You don\'t mind my smoking here , I suppose .
What do you suppose is the right way out of difficulty ?
※ 假定，設(shè)想 ( =be thought , take it as a fact ) 。
1 . 后接名詞/代詞 + 不定式 ( 不定式為 to be ) 。
Suppose the poor girl to be your daughter . ( =Suppose that the girl is your daughter . )
Let\'s suppose the news to be true . ( =Let\'s suppose that the news is true . )
2 . 后接從句。常用 Suppose… 或 Let us suppose … 的句式。
Suppose the earth is flat .
Let us suppose that his statement is right .
此句型常用來表示建議，意思是“……怎么樣 ? ”，“何不…… ? ”
Suppose we put off the meeting till tomorrow .
Suppose we go for a picnic tomorrow .
另外，suppose/supposing 置于句首時可表示條件，意思是“假如”，“萬一”，“倘若”等，相當于 if。
Suppose/Supposing it rains tomorrow , what shall we do ?
電話中的“請等一下”
高一下冊第25單元和第26單元出現(xiàn)打電話時說的“請等一下”的句子，其英語表達形式豐富多彩：
1 . A minute , please . 2 . Just a minute .
3 . Just a moment . 4 . One moment , please .
5 . Hang on a moment , please . 6 . Hang on a minute , please .
7 . Don\'t hang up , please . 8 . Hold on , please .
9 . Hold on a second , please . 10 . Hold the line , please .
11 . Would you hold the line a moment ? 12 . Would you wait a minute ?
二、學(xué)海導(dǎo)航
【學(xué)法指要】
單元重點詞匯點撥
1 . repeat 重說，重做
Please repeat the word .
She repeated the poem .
Don\'t repeat the same error .
〖 點撥 〗不要把 repeat 后再加 again。
2 . funny 有趣的，滑稽可笑的
What a funny story !
I don\'t think that\'s at all funny .
He is a very funny man .
〖 點撥 〗fun 是 funny 的名詞，用作不可數(shù)名詞。如：
What fun it is to see a film !
3 . attention 注意，關(guān)心
Pay attention to what you are doing .
We have given close attention to these needs .
They listened with great attention .
〖 點撥 〗詞組：pay (much , no , little , more …) attention to注意…… 。fix one’s attention on精力集中中……。with attention =attentively聚精會神地。
4 . unable 不能的，不能勝任的
He seemed unable to understand what you said .
I am sorry to be unable to come .
〖 點撥 〗將來時和完成時一般不用 unable , 而用 not able . 另外，注意unable在句中時的反意疑問句：He is unable to help us , isn’t he ?
5 . world-famous 世界聞名的
It is a world-famous university .
6 . serious 嚴肅的，認真的，嚴重的
He looked serious .
Are you really serious when you say you\'ll help me ?
He was serious about the matter .
It was a serious accident .
7 . introduction 引進，介紹
He encouraged the introduction of new techniques .
Mary made the introductions and we all shook hands .
單元詞組思維運用
1 . send out 發(fā)出；分發(fā)
What a lot of invitations to send out !
Please send out the letters quickly .
2 . get through 接通 ( 電話 )
I can\'t get through . The line is busy .
I rang you up this morning , but I couldn\'t get through to you .
3 . hold on ( 電話用語 ) 別掛電話
Hold on please , I\'ll go go and see if Tom is in .
4 . ring back/call back 回電話
Can you ask her to ring me back , please ?
He rang back at nine yesterday evening , but I was still out .
5 . an invitation to …參加…的邀請
Dr Baker received an invitation to a Medical Conference .
6 . a bit 稍微；有一點兒 ( 修飾 adj . 或 adv . )
He decided to attend the meeting though he was still a bit surprised .
I\'m a bit tired , I\'m not going to watch the film .
注：a bit of + n . u 一點兒…
He gives a bit of money to his old mother every month .
7 . reply to 回答某人；回信
Dr Baker replied to the invitation , accepting it .
Please reply to my question .
Have you replied to him/to his letter ?
8 . do research in/on/into sth . 做…研究工作
I\'m doing research in ENT at Lincoln College in Tennessee .
They are doing research in/into the causes of cancer .
9 . give a talk on/about sth . 做關(guān)于……的報告
She\'s giving a talk on health tomorrow .
Would you mind giving a talk today about DNA ?
10 . out of breath =breathlessly 上氣不接下氣
He walked so fast that he was soon out of breath .
11 . make up —— 編造；彌補；打扮；構(gòu)成
Make up a dialogue , using the following as a guide .
He made up an excuse for being late .
I have to make up the time I wasted .
The teacher helped his pupils make up the lesson they had missed .
Most young ladies like to make up ( their faces ) .
The actor made ( himself ) up for the part of an old man .
Different qualities make up a person\'s character .
This is made up of three different parts .
12 . as a guide —— 作為指南，作為向?qū)?p> It may not be a good thing to take your friend\'s experience as a guide .
I hope this hand book will serve you as a good guide for learning English .
13 . say to oneself —— 自言自語，暗自思量
“That\'s funny ! ”said Dr Baker to himself .
“What shall I do next ? ”she said to herself .
He said to himself that there was something wrong .
I woke up at six and said to myself , “It\'s still early . ”
14 . make oneself known to sb . —— 向 ( 某人 ) 作自我介紹
If Dr Baker is in the hall , will he please make himself known to me ?
When I saw the new teacher , I made myself known to him .
Could you make yourself known to us ?
15 . be lucky to —— 幸運地，碰巧地
You are lucky to be alive after being in that accident .
You are lucky to own a car .
However , we are lucky to have another world - famous expert here at the conference .
He was lucky enough to meet with an old friend .
16 . go over to —— 走到 ( 某人或某物 ) 去
Dr Baker got up and went over to the organizer .
He went over to the other side of the street .
We went over to the next town to the game .
〖 點撥 〗go over to 與 go over 的意思不一樣。go over 是“重復(fù)，重溫，仔細檢查”等意思。如：
Let\'s go over the lesson again .
They went over their lessons together at night .
Would you mind going over this work for me ?
單元難點疑點思路明晰
1 . Will he please make himself known to me ? 請他向我自我介紹一下好嗎 ?
make oneself known to sb . 是“向某人作自我介紹。”類似用法還有：make oneself heard ( 使別人聽到自己的聲音 ) , make oneself understood ( 使別人懂得自己的意思 ) 等。例如：
When you speak English , be sure to make yourself understood .
I didn\'t succeed in making myself understood .
She couldn\'t make herself heard .
He made himself heard across the room .
You must make yourself respected .
2 . Dr Baker replied to the invitation , accepting it . 貝克博士還是答復(fù)了請柬，接受了邀請。
accepting it 是現(xiàn)在分詞短語，表示伴隨動作，相當于 and accepted it , 又如：
He ran up to her breathing heavily .
My train starts at six , arriving in Beijing at ten .
注意同義詞 accept 與 receive 的區(qū)別：
receive ( 收到，得到 ) ，只表示客觀的收到某物，與主觀愿望無關(guān)。
accept ( 接受 ) 表示主觀上樂意接受。如：
I received his offer , but did not accept it .
He received an invitation to the party and was glad to accept it .
3 . Will : Does she have your number ? 威爾：她有你的 ( 電話 ) 號碼嗎 ?
Mary : Perhaps not . It\'s 6674044 .
瑪麗：也許沒有。我的號碼是 6674044 .
Perhaps not 是一個否定式的省略句。從上文來看，它應(yīng)是“Perhaps she doesn\'t have my number . ”的省略。類似的否定性省略還有：
Of course not/Certainly not/Surely not 等。
這種省略的肯定式為：Perhaps so 也許是/Quite so 確是這樣/Just so 正是這樣/Certainly ( 當然是 ) 等等。例如：
Do they have lunch at school ?
Perhaps so ( not ) /Certainly ( not ) .
Will you be free tomorrow ?
Of course ( not ) /Perhaps so ( not ) .
4 . There must be some mistake . 準是出了什么差錯了。
some 在此處的意思是“某一個”，用在單數(shù)名詞前，表示未知的或說話者不愿特別說明的人、地、物等。例如：
Some person at the door is asking to see you .
I remember having read that article in some magazine .
I hope you\'ll come to see me some afternoon .
There must be some reason for what he\'s done .
We expect him back some time next week .
I suggest that we go to some park to spend our weekend .
5 . Would you mind giving a talk today about DNA ? 今天能否請你做一個關(guān)于 DNA 的報告 ?
Would you mind doing sth . ? 是一個日常交際用語，表示禮貌地提出請求。
注意在回答中，要對 mind 進行回答，因此“No”，是“不介意”，也就是同意做；而“Yes , ”“I\'m afraid . . . not”則是“介意”，也就是不行。
— Would you mind opening the door for me ? 請你幫我打開門好嗎 ?
— No , of course not . /I\'m afraid I can\'t . 當然可以。/恐怕不行。
6 . You must be joking !
你一定是在開玩笑吧 !
joke 既可作名詞用，表示“笑話”、“玩笑”，也可作動詞用，表示“開玩笑”、“說笑話”。本句 ( You must be joking ) 實際上是表示不相信，且含有譏諷的意思。例如：
I was only joking .
He likes to joke with us about something in his family .
Don\'t play a joke on me .
I only said it for a joke .
7 . You can\'t be serious ! 你該不是當真的吧 !
serious 形容詞，作“嚴肅的”、“認真的”解 ( =no joking ) 解。情態(tài)動詞 can , 也可表示揣測，但主要用于疑問句和否定句。試比較：
You must be serious .
Can you be serious ?
8 . Dr Peter Baker is an expert on DNA , and I\'m an expert on ENT . 彼得•貝克博士是 DNA 專家，而我則是 ENT 專家。
be an expert on “是…方面的專家”。介詞 on 表明具有某方面的專業(yè)知識。例如：
His father is an expert on Chinese history .
He is an expert on foreign affairs .
expert 后有時接介詞 at/in , 表示擅長某種技能。例如：
My mother is an expert at/in cooking .
He is an expert at medicine .
9 . I\'m doing research in ENT at Lincoln College in Tennessee .
do research in/on 從事……研究工作。例如：
He has done a lot of research on that subject .
He is famous for doing his researches in electricity .
【妙文賞析】
Swimming 游泳
When all the days are hot and long 每當白晝炎熱、漫長
And robin bird has ceased his song , 知更鳥停止了歌唱，
I go swimming every day 我每天出去游泳
And have the finest kind of play . 那是最美好的消遣。
I\'ve learned to dive and I can float , 我學(xué)會了潛水和浮游
As easily as does a boat ; 輕松自若像一葉輕舟；
I splash and plunge and laugh and shout 濺水、跳水、大笑、大喊
Till Daddy tells me to come out . 直到父親叫我上岸。
It\'s much too soon ; I\'d like to cry 時間匆忙 ! 我真想哭
For I can see the ducks go by . 因為我見身邊的鴨群還在暢游
And Daddy Duck — how I love him — 爸爸，我真喜歡它 —— 鴨爸爸
He lets his children swim and swim . 他讓孩子們一直游啊游啊 !
I feel that I would be in luck 假若我是一只鴨，
If I could only be duck . 那我該多么幸福 !
〖 賞析 〗《游泳》是一首十四行詩，文字淺顯如兒歌，膾灸人口。炎熱的夏季，在河里嬉戲玩耍，自由自在，非常愜意。孩童的天真浪漫，活潑好動，在詩中通過 dive , float , sp
lash , plunge , laugh , shout 等幾個詞語表現(xiàn)得淋漓盡致。陽光，孩童，小溪，白鴨，歡聲笑語，恬淡清新，構(gòu)成一副令人爽心悅目的戲水圖。
【思維體操】
謎語天地
1 . It brings spring showers to the sand 曾攜春雨潤沙漠，
And sends the ships to distant land . 又送白帆航遠海，
At times it flies into a rage , 摧花折柳不留情，
Destroying flowers with its hand . 只緣一時怒火來。
2 . Though I dance at a ball , 但見舞姿婆娑，
I am nothing at all . 實屬虛無飄渺。
3 . On the bridge across the sky , 拱橋架長空，
There is no carriage passing by , 不見過車馬；
With brilliance shining far and near , 七彩照人間，
All at once it\'ll disappear . 頃刻失影蹤。
謎底：1 . wind ( 風(fēng) ) 2 . a shadow ( 人影 ) 3 . rainbow ( 虹 )
三、智能顯示
【心中有數(shù)】
單元語法發(fā)散思維
1 . — Could I borrow your dictionary ?
— Yes , of course you ____ .
A . might B . will C . can D . should
2 . — May I put my bike here ?
— No , you ____ .
A . needn\'t B . can\'t C . mustn\'t D . aren\'t able
3 . Our teacher are at work . You ____ make so much noise .
A . won\'t B . mustn\'t C . may not D . needn\'t
4 . — Need I start from the beginning ?
— Yes , you ____ .
A . need B . do C . can D . must
5 . — Must I write down the new words now ?
— ____ .
A . No , you needn\'t B . No , you may not
C . No , you mustn\'t D . No , you can\'t
6 . — Look , it ____ be Lao Wang .
— No , it ____ be him . He has gone abroad .
A . may ; mustn\'t B . must ; may C . must ; can\'t D . can ; may not
7 . — You ____ do what you like this morning .
A . could B . can C . are able D . can be able to
8 . He worked very hard and ____ pass the examination .
A . can B . could C . was able to D . could be able to
9 . There was no wells in their village before , they ____ carry water from the river far away .
A . must B . had to C . may D . might
10 . She ____ to the cinema for I saw her just now .
A . mustn\'t have gone B . may not go C . can\'t have gone D . needn\'t go
11 . I can\'t find Dr . Wang anywhere in the office building . Where ____ he have gone ?
A . must B . can C . should D . need
12 . I ____ a talk with her , but I was too busy then .
A . must have had B . should take C . should have had D . may take
答案及精析： 1 . C。could 用于疑問句，表示請求，語氣委婉，答語必須用 can。2 . C。may 用于疑問句，表示請求，否定回答要用 mustn\'t , 表示“不可以”、“禁止”、“阻止”之意。3 . B。句中第一句說明“老師正在工作”，因而說“你絕對不可大聲吵鬧。”mustn\'t 表“絕對不可”。4 . D。need 作為情態(tài)動詞的疑問詞，其肯定回答一般用 must。其否定回答為“needn\'t”。5 . A。回答 must 引出的問句時，如果是否定的回答，不能用 mustn\'t ( mustn\'t 表示絕對不可 ) ，而要用 needn\'t 或 don\'t have to。6 . C。“must be + 表語”結(jié)構(gòu)表示體力或腦力方面的能力。A 項時態(tài)不對，C 項本身錯，D 項中 can 與 be able to 不連用。8 . C。can 表示“能力”而 be able to 表示經(jīng)過一番努力才達到目的。從 He worked very hard 判斷，應(yīng)選 C。9 . B。must 表示談話雙方主觀上認為“有義務(wù)”、“有必要”去做某事，而 have to 表示客觀需要。另外 must 一般不用于過去式句中，但可用在間接引語中。10 . C。對過去發(fā)生的事情的推測，要用“can/could + have + 過去分詞”。11 . B。對過去發(fā)生的事情的疑問推測也用“can/could + have + 過去分詞”。12 . C。對“過去本該做而沒有做的事情”的表達，一般用“should + have + 過去分詞”，也可用“ought to + have + 過去分詞”。
【動手動腦】
單元能力立體檢測
單句改錯
1 . The fire destroyed the woods which was belonged to the villagers .
2 . I was preparing dinner while you called me .
3 . He was used to be as strong as a horse when he was in the countryside .
4 . It\'s harder for women to get to the top of a company .
5 . You did very carelessly that you couldn\'t pass the test .
6 . Mary\'s back was bad hurt , so she has to stay in bed .
7 . Mr Brown waved to his friends with smile .
8 . John and Bob lived in a same room on the second floor .
9 . What a fun it is to go swimming in a river in summer !
10 . English lessons on TV with explanations in Chinese are easily to follow .
11 . I don\'t want to be friends with him unless he will stop telling lies .
12 . This is the new biology lab where we visited last year .
答案與簡析：
1 . belong 表示“屬于”，是不及物動詞，常與介詞 to 連用，不能用被動語態(tài)，應(yīng)把 was 去掉。 2 . 表示一個動作正在進行時，突然又發(fā)生了下料想不到的動作，須用并列連詞 when，意為“那時”、“這時” =and then , 應(yīng)把 while 改成 when。 3 . used to do sth . 表示“過去常常……”，和現(xiàn)在對比，現(xiàn)在不這樣了；be used to sth . ( doing sth . ) 表示“習(xí)慣于……”，可用于各種時態(tài)。該句主句謂語動詞的用法屬于前者，應(yīng)把 used 前的 was 去掉。 4 . 該句 It 為形式主語，真正的主語是置于句子后部的 to get to the top of a company。該句是指做某事困難，而沒有比較的意味，因此作表語的形容詞應(yīng)用原級，應(yīng)把 harder 改成 hard。 5 . “so…that…”意為“如此……以至于……”，是一個固定句型，so 修飾形容詞或副詞，表示程度，that 引導(dǎo)一個結(jié)果狀語從句，應(yīng)把 very 改成 so。 6 . 句中作表語的 hurt 是由過去分詞演變過來的形容詞，須用副詞修飾，應(yīng)把 bad 改成 badly。 7 . with a smile =smiling 表示“微笑著”，是固定的介詞短語，應(yīng)在 smile 前加 a。 8 . 按照英語習(xí)慣用法，same 作形容詞修飾名詞時，其前通常加定冠詞 the，應(yīng)把 a改成 the。 9 . fun 表示“樂趣”，“興致”是不可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)把 fun 前的 a 去掉。 10 . 表示事物的性質(zhì)或特征，通常用形容詞作表語，應(yīng)把 easily 改成 easy。 11 . 按照英語時態(tài)的呼應(yīng)規(guī)律，在條件狀語從句中須用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時，應(yīng)把 will stop 改成 stops。 12 . 先行詞為表示地點的名詞 lab , 關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作及物動詞 visited 的賓語，只能用關(guān)系代詞而不能用關(guān)系副詞，應(yīng)把 where 改成 which 或 that。
【創(chuàng)新園地】
某班將于6月20日晚上8∶00(星期六)在本班教室舉行英語晚會。節(jié)目包括唱歌、朗誦(recitation)、講故事、滑稽劇(skit)和話劇等。這次活動要求全體同學(xué)參加，也歡迎其他班級同學(xué)光臨。另外，根據(jù)安排，全班同學(xué)后天將去市第一人民醫(yī)院檢查身體。每人須帶兩張照片。假設(shè)你是班長，請根據(jù)以上內(nèi)容擬一份口頭通知。字數(shù)：100個左右。
創(chuàng)新園地答案：
Announcement
Comrades ,
We have two things to tell you . We\'re going to have an English evening party in our classroom at 8∶00 on Saturday evening , June 20 . The program includes songs , recitations , story - telling , skits and plays . Every one in our class must take part in it and students from other classes are also welcome .
One more thing：according to the arrangement , the day after tomorrow we\'ll have a medical check in the First People\'s Hospital of the city . Every one must get two photos ready .
That\'s all . Thank you .