2019屆中考英語重點(diǎn)語法總復(fù)習(xí)教案
abb型: bring brought brought
buy bought bought
build built built
find found found
hear heard heard
keep kept kept
lose lost lost
make made made
meet met met
sell sold sold
sit sat sat
stand stood stood
teach taught taught
tell told told
think thought thought
win won won
abc型: begin began begun
blow blew blown
break broke broken
forget forgot forgotten
freeze froze frozen
give gave given
grow grew grown
know knew known
shake shook shaken
sing sang sung
swim swam swum
throw threw thrown
write wrote written
用法:
（1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來表示現(xiàn)在之前已發(fā)生過或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),但其結(jié)果卻和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系,也就是說,動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在.
i have spent all of my money.(含義是:現(xiàn)在我沒有錢花了.)
jane has laid the table.(含義是:現(xiàn)在桌子已經(jīng)擺好了.)
michael has been ill.(含義是:現(xiàn)在仍然很虛弱)
he has returned from abroad. (含義是:現(xiàn)在已在此地)
（2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以用來表示發(fā)生在過去某一時(shí)刻的,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作（用行為動(dòng)詞表示）或狀態(tài)（be動(dòng)詞表示）常與for（+時(shí)間段）,since（+時(shí)間點(diǎn)或過去時(shí)的句子）連用.
mary has been ill for three days.
i have lived here since 1998.
注（超重要）：瞬間動(dòng)詞（buy, die, join, lose……）不能直接與for since 連用。要改變動(dòng)詞
come-be
go out-be out
finish-be over
open-be open
die-be dead
a) 用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞代替終止性動(dòng)詞
1.have代替buy: my brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.
2、用keep或have代替borrow: i have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days.
3、用be替代become: how long has your sister been a teacher?
4、用have a cold代替catch a cold: tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.
5、用wear代替put on
b)用“be＋形容詞”代終止性動(dòng)詞
1、be＋married代marry
2、be＋ill代fall (get) ill
3、be＋dead代die
4、be＋asleep代fall (get) asleep
5、be＋awake代wake/wake up
6、be＋gone代lose,die,sell,leave
7、be＋open代open
8、be closed代close/shut
9、be＋missing(gone,lost)代lose
c)用“be＋副詞”代終止性動(dòng)詞
1“be＋on”代start, begin
2“be＋up”代get up
3“be＋back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to
4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等
d)用“be＋介詞短語”代終止性動(dòng)詞
1.“be in/at +地點(diǎn)”代替go to /come to
2.用be in the army 代替join the army
3.“be in/at +地點(diǎn)”代替move to
常用瞬間動(dòng)詞變延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表：
1. have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. come/gone/moved to sw. →have been in sw./at…相應(yīng)的介詞
2. have come/gone back/returned → have been back