2019屆中考英語重點語法總復(fù)習(xí)教案

3. have come/gone out →have been out
4. have become → have been
5. have closed / opened→ have been close/open
6. have got up → have been up；
7. have died → have been dead；
8. have left sw. → have been away from sw.
9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep → have been asleep；
10. have finished/ended/completed → have been over；
11. have married → have been married；
12. have started/begun to do sth. → have done sth. ；
13. have begun → have been on
14. have borrowed/bought →have kept/had
15. have lost → haven’t had
16. have put on →have worn
17. have caught /get a cold → have had a cold；
18. have got to know → have known
19. have/has gone to → have been in
20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the party/the army
→have been a member of/ have been in/have been the party’s member/the league member/the soldier…
注意：
1.現(xiàn)在完成時不能單獨與準(zhǔn)確時間連用，(如表示過去的時間狀語）
如yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon)等，除非與for, since連用.
2.現(xiàn)在完成時往往同表示不確定的過去時間狀語連用,如already（肯定）, yet（否定，疑問）, just, before, recently, still, lately等:
　　he has already obtained a scholarship.
　　i haven't seen much of him recently (lately).
　　we have seen that film before.
　　have they found the missing child yet ?
3. 現(xiàn)在完成時常常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用, 如often, sometimes, ever, never, twice, on several occasion等:
　  have you ever been to beijing
　　i have never heard bunny say anything against her.
　　i have used this pen only three times. it is still good.
　　george has met that gentleman on several occasions.
4. 現(xiàn)在完成時還往往可以同包括現(xiàn)在時間在內(nèi)的時間狀語連用, 如now, up to these few days/weeks/months/years, this morning/week/month/year, just, today, up to present, so far等:
　　peter has written six papers so far.
　　man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom.
　　there has been too much rain in san francisco this year.
　　the friendly relations and cooperation between our two countries have been enhanced in the past few years.
　　up to the present everything has been successful.
5. 現(xiàn)在完成時還可以用來表示過去的一個時間到現(xiàn)在這段時間內(nèi)重復(fù)發(fā)生的動作.
　　we have had four texts this semester.
6.現(xiàn)在完成時的"完成用法"
現(xiàn)在完成時的"完成用法"指的是動作發(fā)生在過去某一時刻并已結(jié)束，但該動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了影響，與現(xiàn)在情況具有因果關(guān)系。
例如：he has turned off the light.他已把燈關(guān)了。(動作結(jié)束于過去，但說明的是現(xiàn)在的情況--燈現(xiàn)在不亮了。)
現(xiàn)在完成時"完成用法"的特點是動作不延續(xù)，因此，該時態(tài)只能與表示不定的過去時間狀語(如：already，yet, before，recently等)、頻度時間狀語(如：never，ever，once等)、包括現(xiàn)在時刻在內(nèi)的時間狀語(如：this morning / month /year...，today等)連用。