外研版九年級英語上冊Module 12同步教案
如果這類名詞前用了a pair of等量詞，則謂語動詞的單復數形式往往取決于pair的單復數形式。例如：
here are some new pairs of shoes.
my new pair of socks is on the bed.
2. 意義一致的原則
（1）表時間、距離、價格、度量衡等的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞通常用單數。例如：
twenty years is not a long time.
ten dollars is too dear.
（2）有些集合名詞，如family, team,class等作主語時，如作為一個整體看待，謂語動詞用單數；如指其中的每一個成員，則謂語動詞用復數。例如：
my family is a big one.
my family are watching tv.
（3）由不定代詞all, most, more, some, any, none等作主語時，也要依照這些不定代詞所表示的意義來決定謂語動詞的單復數形式。如果不定代詞代表復數可數名詞，則謂語動詞用復數；如果所代詞代表單數可數名詞或不可數名詞，則謂語動詞用單數。例如：
all of the work has been finished.
all of the people have gone.
（4）“分數或百分數＋of＋名詞”構成的短語作主語時，其謂語動詞要以of后的名詞而定——名詞是復數，謂語動詞用復數；名詞是單數，謂語動詞用單數。例如：
it is said that 35 per cent of the doctors are women.
three –fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.
（5）half, the rest等表示不定數量的名詞作主語時，如果所指內容為復數意義，謂語動詞用復數；如果所指內容為單數意義，謂語動詞用單數。例如：
i have read a large part of the book, the rest is more difficult.
only ten students attended the class because all the rest were off sick.
（6）由what 引導的主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞通常用單數。例如：
what she said is correct.
（7）凡以“定冠詞＋形容詞（或分詞）”作主語時，往往根據意義一致的原則決定謂語動詞的單復數形式。如果這種主語指的是一類人，則謂語動詞用復數；如果這種主語指的是一個人或抽象概念，則謂語動詞用單數。例如：
the sick have been cured and the lost have been found.
the dead is a famous person.
3. 鄰近一致的原則
（1）由連詞or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also等連接的并列主語，如果一個是單數，一個是復數，則謂語動詞的單復數形式按鄰近一致的原則決定，即與最靠近它的主語一致。例如：
either you or i am right.
neither the children nor the teacher knows anything about it.
（2）在“there be” 句型中，謂語動詞的單復數形式和最靠近其的主語一致。
there are two apples and one egg in it.
（3）以here開頭的句子，其謂語動詞的單復數形式和最靠近其的主語一致。
here is a letter and some books for you.
【考題鏈接】how time flies! ten years ________ passed.
a. have b. has c. is d. are
答案：b
解題思路：該題考查主謂一致。ten years通常被看作是一個時間整體，故謂語動詞用單數形式，選b。
［即學即練］
1. —two months _______ quite a long time.
—yes. i’m afraid that he will miss a lot of lessons.
a. is b. are c. was d. were