高二英語(yǔ)模塊五 Unit1語(yǔ)法教學(xué)案
②不定式完成式由to have + v-ed構(gòu)成，用來(lái)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前。
--- is bob still performing?
--- i’m afraid not. he is said _______ the stage already as he has become an official.
a. to have left b. to leave c. to have been d. to be left
③不定式的被動(dòng)式分為一般式被動(dòng)to be v-ed和完成式被動(dòng)to have been v-ed。當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，不定式要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
it is an honour for me _______________________ the party. (被邀請(qǐng)參加晚會(huì))
the book is said___________________________________. (翻譯成好幾種語(yǔ)言)
all these gifts must be mailed immediately _____ in time for christmas.
a. in order to have received b. in order to receive
c. so as to be received d. so as to be receiving
動(dòng)名詞
1. 動(dòng)名詞的句法功能：動(dòng)名詞由動(dòng)詞加ing構(gòu)成，與現(xiàn)在分詞的形式相同。動(dòng)名詞主要起名詞作用，在句中擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。
①作主語(yǔ) 可以直接放在句首，也可以用先行代詞it作為形式主語(yǔ)，而把動(dòng)名詞后置。
seeing is believing. (眼見為實(shí))
__________ is easier than _________.(說(shuō)起來(lái)容易,做起來(lái)難)
_________________is a good hobby.(集郵)(單個(gè)動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù))
動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)還有以下兩個(gè)習(xí)慣表答法：
it is no use (good) + 動(dòng)名詞：做某事沒有用
it’s no use___________________________ (覆水難收)
there is no + 動(dòng)名詞 (= it is impossible to do sth.)
②作表語(yǔ) 通常是說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容，注意它與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別
his hobby is collecting stamps. (此句為svc結(jié)構(gòu)) 可改為：collecting stamps is his hobby.
he is collecting stamps. (is collecting是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行時(shí)，此句為svo結(jié)構(gòu))
不能改為：collecting stamps is he.
③作賓語(yǔ)
a. 作及物動(dòng)詞 的賓語(yǔ)(enjoy, mind, finish, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, escape, pratise, suggest, keep(on), miss)
he got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk _____ the good opportunity.
a. to lose b. losing c. to be lost d. being lost
有些動(dòng)詞（attempt, begin, continue, hate, like, love）后面既可以接不定式作賓語(yǔ)，也可以接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，意義差別不大。通常認(rèn)為用動(dòng)名詞泛指一般的傾向性，用不定式則表示特定或具體某一種動(dòng)作。
i like swimming but i don’t like to swim in winter.
動(dòng)詞prefer后面接不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)與按動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)是不一樣。
i prefer to drive rather than be driven.
i prefer driving to riding.
有些動(dòng)詞，如forget, remember, regret等，后面接動(dòng)名詞表示的動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作，不定式表示的動(dòng)作后于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。