高二英語Science versus nature教案
高二英語science versus nature教案
verb-ed form
一、v-ed分詞具有形容詞和副詞性質，在句中可充當定語、表語、賓語補語、狀語。
1.作定語
過去分詞作定語，表示已經完成的被動的動作或狀態,但不及物動詞構成的過去分詞只表示完成，而不表示被動意義。
例如： 完成+被動： a polluted river a locked room a well-educated man
只有完成： a retired worker a fallen leaf boiled water
作定語的v-ed分詞也有前置和后置兩種情況。單個過去分詞作定語，常常位于被修飾的名詞前；而過去分詞短語作定語時，常常位于被修飾的名詞后面，相當于一個定語從句。
eg. 1).you should improve your spoken(speak) english.
2).what’s the language spoken (speak) in that area?
=.what’s the language which/that is spoken (speak) in that area?
3).the firemen were trying to rescue the people trapped in the fire.
=the firemen were trying to rescue the people who was trapped in the fire.
4).the meeting, attended by one thousand students, was a success.
= the meeting, which was attended by one thousand students, was a success.
2.作表語
作表語的v-ed分詞大多轉化成為形容詞，通常用于聯系動詞之后（例如be, seem, appear, look, sound ,feel, remain, stay, become, get等），表示主語所處的狀態
1).edison became interested (interest) in science when he was very young.
2).she looks very excited(excite) at the news.
3). when i was cleaning the window, my finger got cut(cut) unexpectedly.
3.作賓語補足語
如果賓語與后面作賓補的動詞構成被動關系，則使用v-ed分詞作賓補。可以帶v-ed分詞作賓補的詞有：with, see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, feel, sense, find, leave, keep, get, have, make.
1).i had my money stolen(steal) on the bus.
2).as he knows little english, he finds it difficult to make himself understood (understand).
3).in the morning, people woke up and found the world outside their houses completely changed(change).
4.作狀語
作狀語的v-ed分詞與主句之間常有逗號隔開,在句中可表示時間,原因,條件,讓步,伴隨等情況,并可轉化為相應的狀語從句。作狀語的v-ed和主句的主語常有被動關系。
1) 時間狀語
seen from space, the earth looks blue.
= when the earth is seen from space, it looks blue.
asked what had happened, he lowered his head.
= when he was asked what had happened, he lowered his head.
2) 原因狀語
born into a poor family, he had only two years of schooling.
=as he was born into a poor family, he had only two years of schooling.
because they were moved by the story, they decided to help her.
=moved by the story, they decided to help her.