高二英語Science versus nature教案
3)條件狀語
given more time, we are sure to finish it.
=if we are given more time, we are sure to finish it.
compared with other professors, she is an excellent speaker.
=.
4)讓步狀語
laughed at by everybody, he had my sympathy.
=though he was laughed at by everybody, he had my sympathy.
even though he was defeated by his opponent, he still is a hero in my heart.
=defeated by his opponent, he still is a hero in my heart.
5)伴隨狀語
the boy sat at the table buried in his homework.
= the boy sat at the table and he was buried in his homework.
the girl lay in bed lost in thought.
= the girl lay in bed and she was lost in thought.
i will spend the night locked(lock) in your room.
she left the restaurant, disappointed (disappoint) with the bad service.
二、轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞的v-ed
有一些過去分詞已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞,失去被動(dòng)意義,僅表狀態(tài)。如:hidden, dressed, lost, seated, determined, absorbed, injured, based, surprised, satisfied, bored, tired…
e.g what made you so frightened?
the dog, bored with the game, will not play any more.
= the dog, which is bored with the game, will not play any more.
much interested, he agreed to give it a try.
=as he was much interested, he agreed to give it a try.
seated in the car, the president waved to the crowd.
= while he was seated in the car, the president waved to the crowd.
三、連詞+v-ed
過去分詞有時(shí)和連詞(when, while, whenever, until, if, unless, once, though,
although，even though/if)一起用，相當(dāng)于狀語從句的緊縮式。
（注意：before/after后不直接跟v-ed分詞，而用before/after＋being done,因?yàn)榇藭r(shí)分詞前的before/ after是介詞。）
if accepted(accept) for this post, you will be informed by may 1st.
unless changed (change), this law will make life difficult for farmers.
i will not give up my plan even if told(tell) to.
these machines must be checked before being used(use).
四、to be done, being done, done, having been done 作定語的區(qū)別：
以上四種形式都表示被動(dòng)，都可作定語。to be done 表示即將被…;being done表示正在被…;done表示被做過了…;having been done作非限制性定語，和被修飾詞用逗號(hào)隔開,強(qiáng)調(diào)在謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前完成。
the question to be discussed(discuss) tomorrow involves pollution.
the question discussed (discuss) yesterday involves pollution.
the question being discussed (discuss) now involves pollution.
the question, having been discussed (discuss) for years, involves pollution.
五、done, having been done 作狀語的區(qū)別：
being done一般在句中不作狀語,而用done代替之。having been done強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作在謂語動(dòng)作之前完成,或已經(jīng)持續(xù)一段時(shí)間的動(dòng)作,常用作時(shí)間和原因狀語,done則不強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間先后和持續(xù)一段時(shí)間。