The United Kingdom（Period 5 Grammar）
the boiling water is hot.
you can use the boiled water to make tea.
t: can you tell me the differences between boiling water and boiled water?
s: “boiling water”refers to the water that is boiling at the moment, while“boiled water”refer to the water that has been boiled.
t: yes, they are different both in voices and time.try to finish the following sentences using the proper forms of the verbs.
1.come tomorrow and give the application to the man __________ (sit) at that desk.
2.is this the book __________ (recommend) by our teacher?
3.we have to pay duties on goods __________ (import) from abroad.
4.the house __________ (stand) at the corner of the street was built in 1955.
(teacher gives the students several minutes to think about these sentences.)
t: now, let’s check your answers.
suggested answers:
1.sitting
2.recommended
3.imported
4.standing
t: you are right.please look at the following two sentences.
1.this is the most confusing system i have ever seen.
2.the children will get confused if asked to learn too much at a time.
t: what are the meanings of “confusing”and“confused”?
s: “confusing”means“令人困惑的”and“confused”means“感到困惑的”.
t: you are right.when referring to something, we often use the present participle, with the meaning of“令人……的”.when referring to somebody, we often use the past participle, with the meaning of“感到……的”.look at the following words and write down their meanings in the brackets.
amazing ( ) amazed ( )
annoying ( ) annoyed ( )
boring ( ) bored ( )
surprising ( ) surprised ( )
s: amazing (令人驚訝的) amazed (感到驚訝的)
annoying（令人生氣的） annoyed（感到生氣的）
boring（令人厭倦的） bored（感到厭倦的）
surprising（令人驚訝的） surprised（感到驚訝的）
t: you are right.now let’s look at another two sentences:
1.don’t keep the visitor waiting.
2.where did you get your book printed?
t: both“waiting”and“printed”are used as object complement.what’s the difference between them?
s: in the first sentence it is the visitor that is waiting.in the second sentence your book is printed.
t: so we can summarize the difference as follows: if the object is the logical subject of the participle, we often use the present participle.if the object is the object of the participle, we often use the past participle.now, try to translate the following sentences into english, using the present participle and the past participle as the object complement.