Unit 1 Getting along with others
don’t let the children trouble you.
i heard someone open the door.
但當(dāng)這兩類動詞為被動態(tài)時，不定式就成了主補。作主補的不定式必須加上to
his father made him go to bed early.
→he was made to go to bed early by his father.
5. 作定語
不定式可以在句子充當(dāng)后置定語，修飾名詞。
以下幾類情況常用不定式作定語：
①能帶不定式作賓語的動詞，其同源名詞可以帶不定式作定語。常見的有attempt, decision, promise, plan等
eg. he hasn’t kept his promise to write to his parents regularly.
②常與不定式搭配的形容詞，其同源名詞一般可以用不定式作定語。常見的有ability, determination, anxiety, eagerness等
eg. his eagerness to finish his homework was quite clear.
③序數(shù)詞形容詞最高級或被only, last, next等修飾的名詞可以用不定式作定語：
she was the only person to survive after the earthquake.
tips: 不定式在作定語時，有時與被修飾的名詞有意義上的主謂關(guān)系、同位關(guān)系、動賓關(guān)系，如果該不定式是不及物動詞，它后面需要加上適當(dāng)介詞。
eg. he’s always the first to come and the last to leave. 主謂關(guān)系
i’ve no time to listen to your excuse. 同位關(guān)系
she has a meeting to attend. （動賓關(guān)系=attend a meeting）
there’s nothing to worry about. (動賓關(guān)系=worry about nothing)
6. 作狀語
不定式可以作狀語，表示目的、結(jié)果、原因、條件等。
①to…, in order to …, so as to …(不能放在句首)作目的狀語
XX年遼寧卷22題：all these gifts must be mailed immediately _____ in time for christmas.
a. in order to have received b. in order to receive c. so as to be received d. so as to be receiving
②在so…as to, such….as to, only to …結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式作結(jié)果狀語，其中only to…用于表示意想不到的結(jié)果。
he hurried to the station only to find the train had gone.
③enough to, too…to結(jié)構(gòu)
eg. the boy isn’t old enough to go to school.
= the boy is too young to go to school.
④形容詞（happy, glad, lucky, fortunate, surprised, angry, anxious, ready, quick, slow, cruel, clever等）+ 不定式結(jié)構(gòu)
eg. i’m glad to meet you.
the question is different to answer.
he is hard to get along with.
7. 作插入語，用來說明說話人的態(tài)度、看法、對整個句子進(jìn)行解釋，如to be frank（坦白地說），to be sure（確實）等。
eg. to tell you the truth, i hate you.
8. 作同位語
eg. the order to start the general attack soon came.
不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，以it為形式主語或形式賓語引導(dǎo)的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，如果其前的形容詞是指行為的性質(zhì)就用：for sb. to do sth.這種復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可作主語、表語、賓語、定語、狀語等。
it is necessary for me to learn english well.
如果該形容詞是指行為的性質(zhì)，同時又指行為的人，則用of sb. to do sth.。這種句式中的常用形容詞有：right, wrong, brave, careful, careless, clever, wise, stupid, cruel, foolish, good, honest, kind, nice, silly等。