高二英語Understanding each other教案
虛擬語氣(the subjunctive mood)虛擬語氣用于表示主觀愿望和假設的虛擬情況。所講的內容往往是與事實相反的;或是其實現的可能性微乎其微,甚至于沒有實現的可能性。當然,有時為了使說話的語氣客氣、緩和、委婉,也使用虛擬語氣.虛擬語氣是英語語法中的難點。考生應主要掌握虛擬語氣在下列情況下的用法:① 虛擬語氣在非真實條件句中的用法;②在賓語從句中的用法;② 在狀語從句中的用法;④及主語從句、同位語從句、表語從句中的用法;⑤在一些特殊句型中的用法等。一、用于非真實條件句中的虛擬語氣。if 從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式與過去事實相反had donewould have done與現在事實相反did/werewould do與將來事實相反did/wereshould dowere to dowould do注意點: 1. 省略if 當條件狀語從句的謂語含有were, had, should時,可以將它們放在句首,省略if。1. if he should act like that again, he would be fired immediately. =should he act like that again, he would be fired immediately. 2. if you were the manager here, what would you do? =___were you the manger here_______________, what would you do?______if it should rain ____/_________should it rain____ tomorrow(如果明天下雪), we would put off our celebration.__if you had attended______/___had you attended______________ the lecture(如果你聽了講座), you could have known the special customs.2. 錯綜時間條件句當條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發生的時間不一致時,被稱為"錯綜時間條件句", 動詞的形式要分別根據它所表示的不同時間作相應的調整1)if he had followed the doctor's advice,he would recover already.如果他遵照醫生的勸告,現在病就好了。(從句與過去事實相反,主句與現在事實相反。)2)if i ___were______ (be) you,i __wouldn’t have missed___ (not miss) the film last night.3) if the boy __________hadn’t saved_ (not save) this afternoon, his family _wouldn’t be_ (not be) in peace now.4) if you worked (work) hard now, you _would get___ (get) a good job in the future.5) if he hadn’t been caught (not catch) in the rain yesterday, he ______wouldn’t be__ (not be) ill now.二. 虛擬語氣用于某些從句中的情況:
1)在主語從句中
在it + be +形容詞/ 名詞 + that從句的結構中,由于某些形容詞/ 名詞的原因,that從句中的謂語動詞要用虛擬式"should + 動詞原形"或是"動詞原形"。 這類形容詞/ 名詞常見的有: important(重要的), necessary(必要的), strange(奇怪的), natural(自然的), essential(絕對必要的), urgent(緊急的), advisable(明智的), regretful(遺憾的),duty(義務、責任), a pity(遺憾), no wonder(難怪), a regret(遺憾):
it is strange that he___say______________ (say) so .it is a great pity that you____think_____________ (think) so.