備戰(zhàn)2016屆高考英語(yǔ)（通用版）一輪復(fù)習(xí)專題07 動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)
captain cook commanded his men (should) jump into the sea.
the police required that i (should) turn up.
十八､用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義的動(dòng)詞類
這類動(dòng)詞常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)的意義,其后常跟副詞well, easily, poorly, 用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)､性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)等｡這類動(dòng)詞有break, burn, cook, cut, drive, eat, iron, keep, play, sell, last, open, shut, wear, wash, write, translate, print, run, read, operate等｡例如:
the clothes my mother bought for me last year washed well.
the pen writes smoothly.
十九､不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞類
這類動(dòng)詞不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),它們用作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí),也不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)｡這類動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))有become, cost, have, last, hold(容納), fit, stand(忍受), suit, belong to, consist, exist, depend, happen, take place, run out(用完), break out, give out(耗盡), go out(熄滅), burst forth(突然爆發(fā))等｡例如:
the car in the garage belongs to my elder brother.
the chair gave out under the fat man.
the fuel ran out on the way.
二十､后接反身代詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞類
這類動(dòng)詞后面常接反身代詞作賓語(yǔ)｡它們有enjoy, seat, present, teach, help, devote, call, find, force等｡例如:
he taught himself law when free and devoted himself to teaching.
he devoted himself to the revolution many years ago.
the boy called himself a fool when he was told to leave the garden.
短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是高考考查的一個(gè)熱點(diǎn)，分析近年高考試題可知，高考對(duì)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的考查主要有以下幾個(gè)方式。
一、不同的動(dòng)詞，后面加上相同的小品詞
使用頻率較高的這類動(dòng)詞有：call, cut, come, go, get, go, look, put, set, turn, take, pay, pick, make等。常見(jiàn)的介詞或副詞有：in, off, out, up, away, for, on, over等。
1. 動(dòng)詞+ away構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有：
throw away扔掉；put away把……收拾好；give away捐贈(zèng)，分發(fā)；carry away運(yùn)走；run away 潛逃；跑開(kāi)；go away 走開(kāi)
2. 動(dòng)詞+ for構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有：
answer for負(fù)責(zé)；provide for供養(yǎng)；call for要求；plan for打算，為……計(jì)劃；hope for希望，期待；ask for索取，尋找；send for派人去請(qǐng)；go for努力獲取；pay for償還，賠償；wait for等待; look for尋找等。
3. 動(dòng)詞+ on構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有：
try on試穿，試驗(yàn)；put on穿上，上演；have on穿著，戴著；pull on穿，戴；hold on不掛斷，堅(jiān)持，繼續(xù)；carry on繼續(xù)開(kāi)展，堅(jiān)持；keep on繼續(xù)；go on繼續(xù)；get on上（車）；come on趕快等。
4. 動(dòng)詞+ over構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有：
come over過(guò)來(lái)；hand over移交；go over仔細(xì)檢查，復(fù)習(xí)；get over克復(fù)，恢復(fù)；look over檢查；think over仔細(xì)考慮；take over接受，接管；hand over 移交；turn over翻轉(zhuǎn)等等。
5. 動(dòng)詞+ up構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有：
bring up撫育，培養(yǎng)；call up召喚，打電話給；come up走進(jìn)，上來(lái); cut up切碎; fix up修理；give up放棄；go up 上升，增長(zhǎng)；grow up 長(zhǎng)大；look up尊敬，向上看，查尋；make up虛構(gòu)，彌補(bǔ)，組成；put up舉起，搭建；pick up 撿起，（開(kāi)車）接某人，偶然得到；set up建立，創(chuàng)（紀(jì)錄）; send up發(fā)射; show up 揭露，露面；turn up出現(xiàn)，把……調(diào)高一點(diǎn); take up占據(jù)，開(kāi)始從事等等。