2018屆高考英語必修1 Unit 4 頂尖復習學案
1.burst vt.& vi. (使)爆裂；(使)裂開；(使)炸開；突然出現；爆發 n. 突然破裂；爆發
(回歸課本p26)in the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.
在市內，有些建筑物的水管爆裂開來。
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[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(牛津p261)he felt he would burst with anger and shame.
他惱羞成怒，都要氣炸了。
②(牛津p261)firefighters burst the door open and rescued them.
消防隊員撞開門，把他們救了出來。
③scarcely had she heard the news about the death of michael jackson when she burst out crying/burst into tears.
她一聽到邁克爾•杰克遜死亡的消息，就失聲痛哭起來。
[即境活用]
1.完成句子
(1)他沒敲門就闖進房間。
he ________ ________ ________ ________without knocking at the door.
答案：burst into the room
(2)我走了進去，所有的人都突然放聲大笑起來。
i walked in and everyone________ ________ ________.
答案：burst out laughing
2.injure vt. 損害；傷害
(回歸課本p26)twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.
他們中有2/3在地震中傷亡。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(朗文p1065)two men were severely injured trying to save a 5yearold girl from a pit bull.
兩名男子奮力從比特犬嘴下救出一名五歲小女孩時身受重傷。
②your words may injure her pride.
你的話也許會傷她的自尊。
③the injured were sent to hospital right away.
傷員被立即送往醫院。
[易混辨析]
wound，injure，hurt，harm
(1)wound一般指外傷，如槍傷、刀傷，尤指戰爭、戰斗中受傷。
(2)injure一般指由于意外或事故造成的損傷，其賓語常為健康、成就、容貌等，強調功能的損失。
(3)hurt可以指肉體上的傷害，也可以指精神上的傷害，特指伴有疼痛的肉體上的傷害；作不及物動詞時，是“痛”的意思。
(4)harm用于肉體或精神上的傷害均可，有時可指引起不安或不便。
①about 50 people were seriously wounded in the attack.
②one of the players injured his knee and had to be carried off.
③what really hurt me was that he never answered my letters.
④don’t harm your eyes by reading in dim light.
[高效記憶]
[即境活用]
2.unfortunately，at least 20 miners were killed,22________and 13 ________ in the coal mine gas explosion.
a.injuring；trapping
b.injured；trapped
c.injured；trapping
d.injuring；trapped
解析：選b。考查省略和被動語態。miners與injure和trap之間都是被動關系，所以句子要用被動語態。該句是一個省略句，補充完整為：unfortunately，at least...,22 miners were injured and 13 miners were trapped in the...。句意：不幸的是，在這起煤礦瓦斯爆炸中，至少有20人死亡，22人受傷，13人被困。
3.ruin n.[u] 毀壞；毀滅；崩潰 n.[c](pl.) 廢墟；遺跡 v. (使)破產；(使)墮落；毀滅
(回歸課本p26)in fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.