2019屆高考英語基礎語法復習
8. 用于現在完成時的句型
1)it is the first / second time.... that…結構中的從句部分,用現在完成時。例如:
it is the first time that i have visited the city. 這是我第一次訪問這城市。
this is the first time (that) i've heard him sing. 這是我第一次聽他唱歌。
注意:it was the third time that the boy had been late.
2)this is +形容詞最高級+that…結構,that 從句要用現在完成時。例如:
this is the best film that i've (ever) seen. 這是我看過的最好的電影。
9.過去完成時
1) 概念:表示過去的過去
----|----------|--------|----> 其構成是had +過去分詞構成。
那時以前 那時 現在
2) 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞后的賓語從句。例如:
she said (that)she had never been to paris. 她告訴我她曾去過巴黎。
b. 狀語從句
在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中,發生在先,用過去完成時;發生在后,用一般過去時。例如:
when the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到達時,小偷們早就跑了。
c. 表示意向的動詞,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用過去完成時表示"原本…,未能…"。例如:
we had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那時我們希望你能來,但是你沒有來。
3) 過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。例如:
he said that he had learned some english before. 他說過他以前學過一些英語。
by the time he was twelve, edison had began to make a living by himself. 到了十二歲那年,愛迪生開始自己謀生。
tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
湯姆失望了,因為他到達晚會時,大部分客人已經走了。
10. 用一般過去時代替過去完成時
1) 兩個動作如按順序發生,又不強調先后,或用then,and,but 等連詞時,多用一般過去時。例如:
when she saw the mouse,she screamed. 她看到老鼠,就叫了起來。
my aunt gave me a hat and i lost it. 姑媽給了我一頂帽子,我把它丟了。
2 ) 兩個動作相繼發生,可用一般過去時;如第一個動作需要若干時間完成,用過去完成時。例如:
when i heard the news, i was very excited.
3) 敘述歷史事實,可不用過去完成時,而只用一般過去時。例如:
our teacher told us that columbus discovered america in 1492.
11.將來完成時
1) 構成will have done
2) 概念
a. 狀態完成:表示某事繼續到將來某一時為止一直有的狀態。例如:
they will have been married for 20 years by then. 到那時他們結婚將有二十年了。