2019屆高考英語基礎語法復習
25. writes
26. is sleeping
27. was doing
28. reached
29. will be
30. have known
31. comes
32. will have
33. to hear
34. has gone
35. happened
36. visited
37. has made
38. will go
39. is raining
40. writes
41. gave
42. have lived
43. is showing
44. will build
45. will clean
46. is cleaned
47. joined
48. are having, go … watch
49. has worked
think
第三章 動詞的語態
一.概念:
動詞的語態是動詞的一種形式,表示主語和謂語之間語法或語義的關系.英語的語態有兩種:主動語態和被動語態.主動語態用于主動句,表示主語是動作的執行者.被動語態用于被動句,表示主語是動作的承受者.主動語態的構成方式與動詞時態相同,而被動語態由 助動詞be+過去分詞 構成,有人稱,數,時態的變化.
二. 相關知識點精講
1. let 的用法
1）當let后只有一個單音節動詞，變被動語態時，可用不帶to 的不定式。例如：
they let the strange go.他們放陌生人走了。
---> the strange was let go.
2）當let 后賓補較長時，let 通常不用被動語態，而用allow或permit 代替。例如：
the nurse let me go to see my classmate in the hospital. 那護士讓我去探望住院的同學。
----> i was allowed / permitted to see my classmate in the hospital.
2.短語動詞的被動語態
短語動詞是一個整體，不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞。例如：
my sister will be taken care of by grandma. 我妹妹由奶奶照顧。
such a thing has never been heard of before. 這樣的事聞所未聞。
3. 表示"據說"或"相信" 的詞組，基本上由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand等組成。例如：
it is said that… 據說
it is reported that… 據報道
it is believed that… 大家相信
it is hoped that… 大家希望
it is well known that… 眾所周知
it is thought that… 大家認為
it is suggested that… 據建議
it is taken granted that… 被視為當然
it has been decided that… 大家決定
it must be remember that… 務必記住的是
4. 不用被動語態的情況
1） 不及物動詞或不及物動詞短語，如appear, die disappear, end（vi. 結束）, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place等沒有無被動語態。例如：
after the fire, very little remained of my house. 大火過后，我家燒得所剩無幾。
比較：rise, fall, happen是不及物動詞；raise, seat是及物動詞。
要想正確地使用被動語態，就須注意哪些動詞是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特別是一詞多義的動詞往往有兩種用法。解決這一問題唯有在學習過程中多留意積累。
2） 不能用于被動語態的及物動詞或動詞短語，如fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to等。例如：