人教版高中英語必修5教案Unit 1 Great scientists
◇as a passive participial adjectivethe recently fixed radio is broken again.過去分詞作定語1單個的過去分詞作定語一般放在所修飾的名詞之前；過去分詞短語作定語一般要后置。two married womena found umbrellaa used stampfallen leavesa novel written by jimthe letter sent to our boss2過去分詞具有被動或完成的含義。what’s the language spoken in germany?they decided to rebuild the damaged bridge.3過去分詞作定語常可擴展為一個定語從句。he is fond of the food cooked (=which had been cooked) by your mother.the report is the best of its kind ever written (=that has ever been written).4有時通過一個形容詞或數詞加另一名詞的ed形式構成復合形容詞。a three-legged desk a one-eyed dogan honest-faced man a warm-hearted lady
explain the usage of the past participles as predicative and attribute.1. 過去分詞作表語表示主語所處的狀態。用作表語的過去分詞大多來自及物動詞；不及物動詞的過去分詞能作表語的只限于少數表示位置轉移的動詞，如go, come, assemble等，它們用在連系動詞之后，表示完成意義，無被動意義。例如：the man looked quite disappointed.he is greatly discouraged by her refusal.his hair is nearly all gone.已經形容詞化了的過去分詞大多可作表語，常見的有accomplished, amazed, amused, astonished, broken, closed, completed, complicated, confused, crowded, devoted, disappointed, discouraged, drunk, excited, frightened, hurt, interested, lost, satisfied, surprised, worried等。2. 過去分詞作定語a）用作前置定語的過去分詞通常來自及物動詞，帶有被動意義和完成意義。例如：we like skating in the frozen lake in the winter.=we like skating in the lake which has been frozen in the winter.how many finished products have you got up to now? 找教案 =how many products that have been finished have you got up to now?來自不及物動詞的過去分詞很少能單獨用作前置定語，能作這樣用的僅限以下幾個詞，這時僅表示完成意義，不表示被動意義。例如：a retired worker=a worker who has retiredan escaped prisoner=a prisoner who has escapeda faded / withered flower=a flower that has faded / witheredfallen leaves=leaves that have fallenthe risen sun=the sun that has just risena returned student=a student who has returnedvanished treasure=treasure that has vanishedb) 用作后置定語的過去分詞通常也來自及物動詞，表示被動意義和完成意義。這時過去分詞相當于一個定語從句。例如：things seen are better than things heard.=things which are seen are better than things which are heard.the lobster broiled over charcoal was delicious.=the lobster which was broiled over charcoal was delicious.