2022屆高考英語特殊句式(強調、替代、省略和倒裝)
have trouble / difficulty... (in) doing...,spend... (in / on) doing... 等中的介詞可以省略。 trees can prevent the earth (from) being washed away. 樹能阻止泥土被沖走。 can you stop him (from) going swimming in the river? 你能阻止他下河洗澡嗎? i have some difficulty (in) answering the question. 回答這個問題我有點困難。 4.動詞不定式中的省略 ①有些動詞，believe, find, think, feel, consider, imagine, prove等后作賓補的結構。 to be + n. / adj. 中的to be可以省略。 i consider him (to be) lazy. 我認為他懶。 his mother found him (to be) a clever boy.他母親發覺他是一個很聰明的孩子。 ②感官動詞see, hear, feel, watch, notice 等以及使役動詞let, make, have后作賓補的動詞不定式。中的不定式符號to要省略，但變為被動結構時，to必須保留。 they made the boy go to bed early.他們強迫這個男孩早睡。 the boy was made to go to bed early. 這個男孩被迫早睡。 注：help后作賓補的動詞不定式中的to可以省略也可以保留。 ③在can not but, can not choose but, can not help but之后的動詞不定式一般不帶to;but之前有實義動詞do的某個形式do, does, did, done 時，也不帶to, 否則要帶to。 we have nothing to do now but wait. 我們現在除了等沒有別的事可做。 i can not but admire his courage. 我不能不欽佩他的勇敢。 he has no choice but to accept the fact. 除了接受這個事實他別無選擇。 ④在并列結構中為了避免重復。 i'm really puzzled what to think or say. 我真不知道該怎么想，怎么說才好。 但兩個不定式有對照或對比的意義時，則后一個to不能省略。 i came not to scold but to praise you. 我來不是責備你，而是贊美你。 ⑤在why, why not 引導的特殊問句中后跟省略to的動詞不定式。 why talk so much about it? 為什么大談這個事呢? why not try it again? 為什么不再試一試呢? ⑥動詞不定式中動詞原形部分是否省略，主要看句子前面是否已出現過同樣的動詞。如果句子前面出現過同樣的動詞，為了避免重復，句子后面的不定式常省略動詞原形，而保留不定式符號to。 they may go if they wish to(go). 如果他們想去，他們就可以去。 don't go till i tell you to.直到我告訴你去，你才可以去。 在一些動詞afford, agree, expect, forget, mean, pretend, remember, want, refuse, hope, wish, would like (love), try等后跟動詞不定式作賓語，不定式中的to可以承前(后)省略。 —will you go to the cinema with me? 你愿和我一起去看電影嗎? —well, i'd like to (go with you). 我愿意。 i would do it for you, but i don't know how to (do it for you). 我想為你做這事，但我又不知如何做。 在某些形容詞，afraid, glad, willing, happy, eager等后承前省略動詞原形，只保留不定式符號to。 —will you join us in the game? 你愿和我們一起做這個游戲嗎?