高一英語語法教案
2. with結構作狀語時,不定式、現在分詞 、和過去分詞的區別： 在with結構中,不定式、現在分詞作賓補,表示主動,但是不定式表示將要發生的動作,而現在分詞表示正在發生或發生了的動作；過去分詞表示被動或完成。
例如： with the boy leading the way,we found he house easily.(小男孩已領過路)
with the boy to lead the way,we will find the house easily tomorrow.(小男孩明天將領路)
he lay on the bed with the bedroom door shut.(寢室被關著)
3. with結構與一般的with短語的區別： with結構具有上述功能和特點,而"介詞with+名詞或代詞(組)"組成的一般的with短語在句子中可以作定語和狀語。作狀語時,它能表示動作的方式、原因,但不能表示時間、伴隨和條件。在一般的with短語中,with后面所跟的不是復合結構,也根本沒有邏輯上的主謂關系。
4. with結構與獨立主格結構的關系： with結構屬于獨立主格結構,但在結構上,with結構由介詞with或without引導,名詞前有冠詞、形容詞、所有格代詞或其它詞類所修飾,結構較松散；而獨立主格結構沒有with或without引導,結構嚴密,名詞前可用可不用修飾語。在句法功能上,with結構可以作定語,獨立主格結構則不能；獨立主格結構通常在句中作狀語,但也可以作主語,而with結構則不能。
獨立主格在口語中不常用,往往由一個從句代替,而with結構較口語化,較常用。例如：
there were rows of white houses with trees in front of them.("with+復合賓語"結構,在句中作定語)
a strong man working a whole day could not jump this high.(名詞+現在分詞構成的獨立主格結構,作主語)
the boy said,turning to the man,his eyes opened wide and his hand raised.(獨立主格結構,表示伴隨狀況或行為方式,作狀語)
then last night,i followed him here,and climbed in,sword in hand.(名詞+介詞短語構成的獨立主格結構,作狀語,表示伴隨情況) board, she went out to get something to eat.(without+代詞+過去分詞,作為原因狀語)
1. john received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _______, he gladly accepted it.（ 安徽）
a. finished b. finishing
c. having finished d. was finished
2.----come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
----sorry. with so much work _______ my mind, i almost break down. ( 福建)
a. filled b. filling
c. to fill d. being filled
3.i couldn’t do my homework with all that noise _______.（ 北京）
a. going on b. goes on