Unit3 The Computer and the Information Age-grammar教案

時態一。總述： 為了便于講解，我將英語中的時態，分為現在時和過去時。現在時包括一般現在時，現在進行時，現在完成時，姑且把將來時也歸入此類。過去時包括，一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時，過去完成時。一般來說，時態對應是指現在時對應現在時，過去時對應過去時。當然，特殊語境需要特別分析。二。時態對應主要包括以下的典型用法。1。下列情況下，如果主句是將來時《用will/shall/can/must/》或者主句是祈使句，從句用一般現在時。1》在 if /unless/ even if/ 引導的條件狀語從句中.如：you will be punished unless you go though with the work.i won't attend the party even if i am invited.2》在when/before/until<till>/as soon as/the moment/ once/引導的時間狀語從句中。如：i'll let you know the moment i get timely information.once you realize your mistake, you'll regret for what you've done.3》在 no matter what/no matter who/no matter when/no matter where/no matter how/no matter which/或者 whatever/whoever/whenever/wherever/however/whichever 引導的讓步狀語從句中。如：i'll believe whatever you have said.however difficult the problem is ,we'll overcome it .wherever you go,i'll follow you.we can help whoever gets in trouble.2。在 祈使句+and/or+句子 的模式中，and/or 后的句子常用將來時態。如：put on the coat,or you'll catch a coldwork hard,and you'll make rapid progress.3。注意used to/would 區別。他們都表示過去常常。但would 常和時間連用，而used to 不可以。如：when i was a boy, i would swim every day.<不用used to>4.be about to do 如果用在簡單句中，常用一般現在時。如果用在復合句中，常和when 引導的過去時的從句連用。如：i am about to leavewhen i was about to fall asleep when someone knocked the door.但要注意be about to do 不和具體的時間連用。我們不可以說，we are about to leave this afternoon ,應說，we are about to leave或者說，we will be leaving this afternoon.5.語境中的過去時常表示“剛剛，剛才”之意，暗示現在已經不是這樣..如：sorry,i didn't know you were here .6.表示愿望，打算一類的詞，如hope, expect, mean, intend, want, think, suppose, want 等，其過去完成時表示過去未曾實現的愿望或意圖。如：----why haven't you attended the party?---i had meat to,but i was busy.7.在 it/this be the first/second/---time+that 句中。如果be 為一般現在時，that后的句子一般用現在完成時或一般現在時，如果  be為一般過去時，that后的句子為過去完成時。如：this is the first time that i have met the famous scientist.this is the first time that he gets involved in the tournament.8.在 it be +段時間 +since 從句中，如果be 表現為 is或has been 形式，since 從句用過去時，如果be 表現為was 或 had been,從句用過去完成時。如：