Unit2 language -Grammar學案
the fact is that we have lost the game. 事實是我們已經輸了這場比賽。
that’s just what i want. 這正是我想要的。
this is where our problem lies. 這就是我們的問題所在。
that is why he didn’t come to the meeting. 那就是他為什么不到會的原因。
it looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。
需要注意的,當主語是reason時,表語從句要用that引導而不是because。例如:
the reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning
四. 同位語從句
同位語從句說明其前面的名詞的具體內容。同位語從句通常由that引導,可用于同位語從句的名詞有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如:
the news that we won the game is exciting.
我們贏得這場比賽的消息令人激動。
i have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么時候回來。
the thought came to him that mary had probably fallen ill.
他想到可能瑪麗生病了。
同位語從句和定語從句的區別:
that作為關系代詞,可以引導定語從句,充當句子成分,在從句中作賓語時可以省略; that引導同位語從句時,起連詞的作用,沒有實際意義,不充當句子成分,一般不能省略。
試比較下面兩個例句:
i had no idea that you were here.(that引導同位語從句,不能省略)
have you got the idea(that)this book gives you of life in ancient greece?(that引導定語從句,作賓語,可以省略)
五、名詞性that-從句
1)由從屬連詞that引導的從句叫做名詞性that-從句。 that只起連接主句和從句的作用,在從句中不擔任任何成分,本身也沒有詞義。名詞性that-從句在句中能充當主 語、賓語、表語、同位語和形容詞賓語,例如: 主語:that he is still alive is sheer luck. 他還活著全靠運氣。
賓語:john said that he was leaving for london on wednesday. 約翰說他星期三要到倫敦去。
表語:the fact is that he has not been seen recently. 事實是近來誰也沒有見過他。
同位語:the fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.
近來誰也沒有見過他,這一事實令辦公室所有的人不安。
形容詞賓語:i am glad that you are satisfied with your job.
你對工作滿意我感到很高興。
2)that-從句作主語通常用it作先行詞,而將that-從句置于句末,例如:
it is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure. 很清楚,整個計劃注定要失敗。
it's a pity that you should have to leave. 你非走不可真是件憾事。
用it作形式主語的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭配關系:
a. it + be +形容詞+ that-從句
it is necessary that… 有必要……
it is important that… 重要的是……
it is obvious that… 很明顯……
b. it + be + -ed 分詞+ that-從句