Unit 9 When was it invented
forget—forgetful(健忘的) success—successful(成功的)
beauty—beautiful(美麗的) pain—painful(疼痛的)
3. potato chips were invented by mistake. 薯?xiàng)l的發(fā)明純屬歪打正著。(section b, 2a)
⑴ potato chips是一個(gè)復(fù)合名詞,其中第一個(gè)名詞用作定語(yǔ)修飾后一個(gè)名詞,這樣的例子有很多,又如: alarm clock, telephone number等。
知識(shí)拓展
復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則:
◎通常只把主體名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)
school boy—school boys(男生) apple tree—apple trees(蘋(píng)果樹(shù))
vegetable sandwich—vegetable sandwiches(蔬菜三明治)
girl friend—girl friends(女朋友)
◎由man, woman和另外一個(gè)名詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合名詞,兩個(gè)部分都要用復(fù)數(shù)。
man teacher—men teachers(男教師)
woman doctor—women doctors(女醫(yī)生)
⑵by mistake 表示“錯(cuò)誤地(因粗心、遺忘等所致)”。
sorry, i took your bag by mistake. 對(duì)不起,我錯(cuò)拿了你的手提包。
【注意】by 和mistake中間可以加相應(yīng)的形容詞性物主代詞。
i took your pen by(my)mistake. 我錯(cuò)拿了你的鋼筆。
4. george crum cooked them for a long time until they were crispy. george crum將它們煮了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間,直到它們變脆了。(section b, 2b)
although tea wasn’t brought to the western world until 1610, this beverage was discovered over three thousand years before that. 盡管茶直到16XX年才被帶到西方國(guó)家,但這種飲料早在傳入西方之前的三千年就被發(fā)現(xiàn)了。(section b, 3a)
until意為“直到……”,引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。作介詞時(shí),引導(dǎo)一個(gè)短語(yǔ);作連詞時(shí),引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
◎until用于肯定句中,主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性、持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,表示“直到……為止”。如:
i worked until late in the afternoon. 我一直干到下午很晚的時(shí)候。
i’ll wait for you until you come. 我要等到你來(lái)為止。
◎until用于否定句中,表示“直到……才……”,常與瞬間動(dòng)詞、短暫性動(dòng)詞連用,強(qiáng)調(diào)主句所表示的動(dòng)作從until所表示的時(shí)間發(fā)生,主句必須是否定句。表示瞬間的動(dòng)詞有come, go, leave, meet, reach, get, arrive, realize, stop等。如:
he didn’t go home until ten o’clock. 他直到10點(diǎn)鐘才回家。
(go home的動(dòng)作是在10點(diǎn)鐘才發(fā)生的。)
the rain didn’t stop until midnight. 雨直到半夜才停。
i won’t leave until you promise to help me. 你不答應(yīng)幫助我,我不會(huì)離開(kāi)。
【即學(xué)即用】
i won’t believe that little bob can run 100 metres in 15 seconds i see it with my own eyes.
a. until b. after c. when d. if
◎discover 作動(dòng)詞,意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”,即發(fā)現(xiàn)的對(duì)象是本來(lái)存在的,只是以前不知道而已,也可指發(fā)現(xiàn)新奇或意外之物或發(fā)現(xiàn)某種情況。“發(fā)現(xiàn)者”為discoverer。
相關(guān)鏈接
invent作動(dòng)詞,意為“發(fā)明”,發(fā)明的對(duì)象是以前沒(méi)有的新東西,如工具、手段或方法。“發(fā)明”作名詞用invention,“發(fā)明者”為inventor。