中考英語語法精講例析 代詞
中考英語語法精講例析 代詞
(一) 知識概要
英語中代詞可以分為人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、疑問代詞、不定代詞。人稱代詞主要有主格和賓格之別。請看下表
人稱 我 你 他 她 它 我們 你們 他們
主格 i you he she it we you they
賓格 me you him her it us you them
物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞兩種。請看下表
人稱 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我們的 你們的 他們的
形容詞性 my your his her its ours your they
名詞性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
反身代詞可見下表
人稱 我 你 他 她 它 我們 你們 他們
反身代詞 myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourself themselves
指示代詞主要有this, that, these, those
疑問代詞有：who, whom whose, what, which,
還有疑問副詞when, how, where, why。
不定代詞在初中課本中主要有some, any， many, much, each, neither, other, another, all, both, one, none, either…
(二) 正誤辨析
［誤］tom's mother is taller than my.
［正］tom's mother is taller than mine.
［析］形容詞性物主代詞可以作定語，也就是講它可以作形容詞，如：my book，而這句話的意思是：湯姆的媽媽比我的媽媽高。比較的對象是my mother,也就是mine。
［誤］we have a lot of homework to do today. so we need two or three hours to finish them.
［正］we have a lot of homework to do today. so we need two or three hours to finish it.
［析］在應用代詞時，要注意人稱，格與數的一致性。這里it所代替的是不可數名詞homework， 所以應用it。
［誤］he and you should go to the library to return the books.
［正］you and he should go to the library to return the books.
［析］這主要是英語習慣上的用法。當兩個以上的人稱代詞并列時其排列順序一般為you, he, she, i,而復數時為we, you， they:如男女并列時，應先男后女，如：he and she …如果在表示不好意思，承擔責任時，單數時用，i, he, she, you, 復數時用they, you， we, 如：tom and i are good friends.
you, he and i must go to play the game for our team this afternoon.
we, you and they have been there before.
i, he and you have to pay for it.
［誤］he or his brother is doing their homework.
［正］he or his brother is doing his homework.
［析］由either…or, neither…nor, or 連接兩個主語時，如果兩主語是單數時，用單數代詞，如兩主語是復數時，用復數代詞，如：either teachers or students want to do their best to help the old man.如是一單一復兩名詞時，一般將單數名詞放在前，復數名詞放在后，要用復數代詞，如：the teacher or his students will clean their classroom together.
［誤］his brother is taller than him.
［正］his brother is taller than he.
［析］than是連詞，其后應視為省略句，than he is.所以要注意區分其主格與賓格的用法。
i like you as much as she.