中考英語語法精講例析   代詞

［析］在對話中如果某一動作同時適用于兩個主語，這時在答語中要用縮寫且要用倒裝句。如第一組句，即studied hard既適用于he,也適用于she.但答語僅僅是對前句的重復，即僅僅是第一句的縮寫時則不要用倒裝句。如第二組句子為：英語難學。答語為：是的，難學。這時縮寫的答語不要用倒裝句。
［誤］everyone should do one's best.
［正］everyone should do his best.
［析］one作代詞時，它的復數形式是ones,所有格形式是one's，反身代詞為oneself.如果講one should do one's best.則是對句。如果one與別的詞組成其他詞，如： someone, anyone, everyone或only one 則要用his/her，來作其所有格形式。
［誤］— who won the game?— none.
［正］— who won the game?— no one.
［析］由who提問的句子的否定回答中的簡略說法是no one,而由how many提問的句子的否定回答中的簡略語是none.如：how many books are there? none.
［誤］there are many trees on either sides of the street.
［正］there are many trees on either side of the street.
［正］there are many trees on both sides of the street.
［析］either作代詞時由兩個含意，其一是兩者中隨便哪一個，如：you can take either.其二是兩者中的每一個。但要注意的是either后要加單數名詞，如果作主語則謂語動詞也要用單數形式。
［誤］either you or i are right.
［正］either you or i am right.
［析］在either…or,或neither…nor連接兩個主語時，其謂語動詞要與和其相近的那個主語相配。
［誤］i have three sisters. neither of them is a doctor.
［正］i have three sisters. none of them is a doctor.
［析］neither用于兩者中無一是，而none則用于多于兩者中的人或事物無一是。
［誤］he doesn't like beijing opera. i don't like too.
［正］he doesn't like beijing opera, i don't like either.
［析］either作為“也”講時，要用于否定句中，而too則用于肯定句中。
［誤］we like both this little boy.
［正］we both like this little boy.
［析］both作同位語時，它在句中的位置有：在be動詞之后，如：we are both students.在實意動詞之前，如：the parents both want to go to the cinema.用于第一助動詞之后，如：we have both read these english novels.使用時要注意以下句子的實際含意：both of us are not right.應譯為：我們倆不都對。neither of us is right.才應譯為：我倆都不對。又如：i can't give you both of the books.意為：兩本書我不能全給你，而i can't give you either of the books.才為：兩本書我全不能給你。
［誤］we each has a ticket for the concert.
［正］we each have a ticket for the concert.
［析］each作句子主語時其謂語動詞要用單數形式，如：each of us wants to learn english well，但each作同位語時，則應以原名詞的數為準。
［誤］every of us has to pass the exam.
［正］each of us has to pass the exam.
［析］every只可作形容詞，不可作代詞，而each既可作形容詞，又可作代詞，在作形容詞時each側重強調個體，而every 則側重于全體。