2019中考英語語法常見習慣用語知識復習
［正］ suppose your name is tom the phone rings and you pick it up the first word you say will probably be "hello? this is tom speaking?"
［析］ 在英語學習中，習慣用法實際上在某種情況，或某種意義上講比語法更為重要。如果只從句子的角度上去分析，它們可能都是對的。比如，當你拿起電話時，如果你想知道對方是誰，可以問"who's that(speaking)?"但不要講"who are you?"如果你想先介紹一下自己可以講"this is speaking"而不要講"i'm "也不要講"my name is ." 就語法而論，"who are you?" "i'm my name is "并不錯，也是英語中可用的句子，但就打電話這一場合，就不宜用了。
［誤］ - do you think it's going to rain over the weekend?
- i don't hope so
［正］ - do you think it's going to rain over the weekend?
- i hope not
［析］ 由于初學者對實際英語口語中表達感情意愿的答語不熟悉，如在肯定答語中 i think so i hope so i believe so 是相同的，但在否定句中卻常用 i don't think so 但i don't believe so 和 i don't hope so 則意為：我不信此事和我不希望此事發生。而 i believe not 和 i hope not 則為：我想可能不會發生吧!
［誤］ - is anybody there?
- no， bob and tom have asked for leave
［正］ - is everybody there?
- no， bob and tom have asked for leave
［析］ 許多學生在寫作和選擇答語或問句時總要語法在前 ，而不是習慣用語在先。所以總是要拘泥疑問句中的不定代詞，用 anybody。 但是is anybody there? 在英語中為：這里有人嗎?而is everybody there?為：全都到齊了嗎?所以首先要考慮的是其答語。 no， bob and tom have asked for leave
［誤］ - your handwriting is very good!
- no， my handwriting is very poor
［正］ - your handwriting is very good!
- thank you
［析］ 中國人遇到別人稱贊，總是以謙遜為美德。但英美人則往往認為自信是美德。所以當別人夸獎 你或贊美你時，就應說： thank you 又比如中國人見面時常講 where are you going? 或 have you had your breakfast yet?而英美人則認為你過多的干預別人的私生活了。而他們見面時往往問一些無關緊要的話，如： hello! how are you going? (你過得怎樣) morning! 等。而 good morning 和 how do you do 則被認為是較正規的問候語，在日常生活中則十分少見。
［誤］ when you have had dinner with an american friend and want to leave you may say： "excuse me i'll go first"
［正］ when you have had dinner with an american friend and want to leave you may say： "excuse me i have to go"
［析］ 這兩句答語都是正確的，其關鍵不是語法，而是習慣問題。如果在這樣的場合你講 i'll go first 朋友們會迷惑不解，而 i have to go 則表示由于外界的特殊原因而造成的你要離去，而你本人則十分不愿做此事。
［誤］ - would you like to come to dinner tonight?