八年級英語Past and present教案
he joined the army three years ago.
it is three years since he joined the army.
three years has passed since he joined the army.
（1）he came to our village two years ago.=he our village since two years ago.
（2）he left home three days ago. =he home for 3 days.
（3）i bought the watch 2 weeks ago. =i the watch since 2 weeks ago.
（4）it is 5 days since i borrowed the book. =i the book for 5 days.
（5）the film has begun. = the film for half an hour.
（6）i got to know him 10 years ago. =i him for 10 years.
（7）there is a factory. =there a factory for 20 years.
（8）our school opened in 1960. =our school since 1960.
（七）現在完成時中應注意的幾個問題
1. have been to 和have gone to的區別
have been to 強調“去過”，現已不在那里，如：
he has been to the usa three times.
他到美國去過三次。（過去“到美國”，現在已“不在美國”）
have gone to主要強調的是“去了”，現在人不在說話的現場，如：
—where’s your mother? —你媽媽在哪？
—she has gone to the hospital. —她去醫院了。
2. have been to 和have been in的區別
have been to強調人“已回到原地”，后面可接表示“次數”的狀語。
eg. ① she has been to shanghai only once.
②—how many times has he been there? —he’s been there many times.
have been in表示某人“已在某地停留一段時間，現仍在那里”，其后常帶表示一段時間的狀語。
eg. ①they have been at the bus stop for half an hour.他們在車站呆了半小時。（現在仍然在車站）
②we have been in xi’an for two weeks.
我們在西安呆了兩個多星期。（現仍在西安）
③how long have they been in china?
他們在中國呆了多長時間了？（仍在中國）
（八）如何通過與一般過去時做比較,進一步掌握現在完成時?
一般過去時和現在完成時的動作都發生在過去,但意義卻不同.
如: i learned ten english songs（說明過去學過,現在是否記得,不是本句的內容）
i have learnt ten english songs.（learn發生在過去,但強調我現在懂英語歌曲）
i cleaned the blackboard half an hour ago.（只說明“擦”和其發生的時間）