Unit 6 Fun Cycling

i heard the dog come in. =the dog was heard to come in.我聽見那條狗進來。   有人聽見那條狗進來。i saw her go out by bike.    =she was seen to go out by bike.我看見她騎著自行車出去了。有人看見她騎著自行車出去了。can i help （to） lift this heavy box? 我可以幫著搬起這個沉重的箱子嗎？you may as well help me （to）get things straight.你不妨幫我把東西整理好。she helped the old woman （to） cross the street.她幫助那位老婦人過街。在had better（最好），would rather（寧愿），would sooner（寧愿），would （just） as soon（寧愿），cannot but（不能不，不由得不），cannot help but（不能不，不由得不）等短語后面也跟不帶to的不定式：he would rather listen to others than talk himself. 他寧愿聽別人說也不愿自己說。he would sooner play than work.他寧愿玩也不愿干活。 you had better go right away.你最好立即就走。i would rather take this method.我倒愿意采取這個辦法。i’d rather walk than take a bus.我寧可走也不愿坐公共汽車。she’d rather die than lose the children.她寧可死也不愿失去孩子們。i’d rather not have eggs and bacon for breakfast.she’d sooner stay at home.i would as soon do it by myself.i would just as soon stay as go. 我寧愿住下也不愿走。we couldn’t but weep at the sad news.you can’t but respect them.rather than和sooner than同義，都是“寧可”，“與其…（不如）”，“不是…（而是）”的意思。當它們放在句首時，其后跟不帶to的不定式；在其它位置時其后的不定式可帶也可不帶trather than risk breaking up his marriage, he told his wife everything.他把一切都告訴了妻子，寧可冒離婚的危險。rather than cause trouble, he left. 他寧可走開而不愿引起麻煩。sooner than marry that man, she would earn her living as a waitress. 她寧可當女招待養活自己，也不嫁給那個男人。he decided to write rather than telephone.他決定寫信，不打電話。the manager believes it is important to invest in new machinery rather than to increase wages.經理相信重要的是投資買新機器，而不是增加工資。rather than john do it, i’d prefer to do the job myself. 與其讓john干這件事情，我寧可自己動手。在以why 起首的疑問句中跟不帶to的不定式： why not come with us? 為什么不跟我們一起來呢？why not go for a game of tennis? 為什么不去打網球呢？why not relax yourself? 為什么不放松你自己呢？why not try to train your character? 為什么不培養你的性格呢？why not give the $40 to tom? 干嗎不把那40美金給湯姆呢？for god’s sake, why bring that up again? 看在上帝的份上，干嗎又提這事呢？why split hairs over the color of the dress? 干嗎對連衣裙的顏色吹毛求疵呢？why run this risk? 干嗎冒這個險？why risk breaking the law? 干嗎冒犯法的險呢？