2016屆高考英語第一輪語法大全復習教案及配套練習4
20.1 并列連詞與并列結構
并列連詞引導兩個并列的詞、詞組或句子。
1) and 與or
判斷改錯:
(錯)they sat down and talk about something.
(and 連接兩個并列的謂語,所以 talk 應改為 talked。)
(錯)they started to dance and sang.
(and 連接兩個并列的動詞不定式,第二個不定式往往省略to,因此sang 應為 sing)
(錯)i saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.
(and 連接感觀動詞saw 后面的用作的賓補的兩個并列分詞結構,因此whisper應改為whispering)
(對)they sat down and talked about something.
(對)they started to dance and sing.
(對)i saw two men sitting behind and whispering there.
注意:and 還可以和祈使句或名詞詞組連用表示條件。(or也有此用法)例如:
make up your mind, and you\'ll get the chance. 拿定主意,這次你會有機會的。
= if you make up your mind, you\'ll get the chance.
one more effort, and you\'ll succeed. 再努力一下,你會成功的。
= if you make one more effort, you\'ll succeed.
2) both…and 兩者都。例如:
she plays(both)the piano and the guitar. 她彈鋼琴,也彈吉他。
3)not only…but(also),as well as不但…而且。例如:
she plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar. 她不但彈鋼琴,也彈吉他。
注意:not only… but also 關聯兩個分句時,一個分句因有否定詞not 而必須倒裝。
not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.他不但喜歡讀小說,甚至還會寫。
4) neithe…nor 意思為\"既不……也不……\"謂語動詞采用就近原則,與nor后的詞保持一致。例如:
neither you nor he is to blame. 你和他都不該受指責。
20.2 比較and和or
1) 并列結構中,or通常用于否定句,and用于肯定句。
2) 但有時and 也可用于否定句。請注意其不同特點:
there is no air or water in the moon.
there is no air and no water on the moon.
在否定中并列結構用or 連接,但含有兩個否定詞的句子實際被看作是肯定結構,因此要用and。
典型例題
---i don\'t like chicken ___ fish.
---i don\'t like chicken, ___ i like fish very much.
a. and; and b. and; but c. or; but d. or;and
答案c。否定句中表并列用or, but 表轉折。
判斷改錯:(錯)we will die without air and water.
(錯)we can\'t live without air or water.
(對)we will die without air or water.
(對)we can\'t live without air and water.
20.3 表示選擇的并列結構
1) or意思為\"否則\"。
i must work hard, or i\'ll fail in the exam. 我要努力學習,否則考試要不及格了。
2) either…or 意思為\"或者……或者……\"。注意謂語動詞的主謂一致采用就近原則。
either you or i am right. 不是你對,就是我對。
20.4 表示轉折或對比
1) but表示轉折,while表示對比。例如: