2016屆高考英語第一輪語法大全復習教案及配套練習4
this is the house which we bought last month. 這是我們上個月買的那幢房子。（限制性）
the house, which we bought last month, is very nice.
這幢房子很漂亮，是我們上個月買的。（非限制性）
2） 當先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時，其后的定語從句通常是非限制性的。例如：
charles smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
查理•史密斯去年退休了，他曾經是我的老師。
my house, which i bought last year, has got a lovely garden.
我去年買的的那幢房子帶著個漂亮的花園。
this novel, which i have read three times, is very touching. 這本小說很動人，我已經讀了三遍。
3） 非限制性定語從句還能將整個主句作為先行詞, 對其進行修飾, 這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數。例如：
he seems not to have grasped what i meant, which greatly upsets me.
他似乎沒抓住我的意思，這使我心煩。
liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液態水變為蒸汽，這就叫做蒸發。
說明：關系代詞that和關系副詞why不能引導非限制性定語從句。
18.5 介詞+關系詞
1）介詞后面的關系詞不能省略。
2）that前不能有介詞。
3）某些在從句中充當時間，地點或原因狀語的\"介詞+關系詞\"結構可以同關系副詞when 和where 互換。例如：
this is the house in which i lived two years ago. 這是我兩年前住過的房子。
this is the house where i lived two years ago.
do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 還記得你加入我們俱樂部的那一天嗎？
do you remember the day when you joined our club?
18.6 as, which 非限定性定語從句
由as, which 引導的非限定性定語從句，as和which可代整個主句，相當于and this或and that。as一般放在句首，which在句中。例如：
as we know, smoking is harmful to one\'s health. 如我們所知，吸煙有害健康。
the sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. 太陽使地球暖起來，這對我們人類很重要。
典型例題
1）alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.
a. it b. that c. which d. he
答案c. 此為非限定性從句，不能用 that修飾，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成為句子，兩個獨立的句子不能單以逗號連接。況且選he句意不通。
2）the weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.
a. what b. which c. that d. it
答案b。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定語從句，而what不可。that 不能用于非限定性定語從句，it不為連詞，使由逗號連接的兩個句子并在一起在英語語法上行不通。
3）it rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..
a. that b. which c. as d. it
答案b. as 和which在引導非限制性定語從句時，這兩個關系代詞都指主句所表達的整個意思，且在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但不同之處主要有兩點：
（1）as 引導的定語從句可置于句首，而which不可。