A Christmas Carol教案

（二）關于分詞作狀語1. 分詞或分詞短語作狀語時，可以表示時間、原因、行為方式、伴隨狀況等。2. 分詞短語作狀語時，其邏輯主語必須與句子的主語一致。如果分詞與句子的主語是主動關系，用doing 表示與謂語動詞同時發生或進行的動作，用having done 表示在謂語動詞之前的動作。如果分詞與句子的主語是被動關系，則用done 強調在謂語動詞之前發生的動作，也可用having been done。e.g. he lay still, staring at the ceiling. 他靜靜地躺著，茫然地望著天花板。having been warned about the bandits, she left her valuables at home. 由于有人警告她有盜匪，她把貴重物品都留在家里。（三）狀語從句的類型1.      時間狀語從句（adverbial clause of time）時間狀語從句主要由以下這些連詞引導：when, while, as, before, after, until, till, since, whenever等；有時由一些起著連詞作用的詞或詞組來引導：as soon as, no sooner…than, the last time, once, next time, the first time, the moment, immediately, now(that)等。e.g.1.  while the discussion was going on, george came in.討論正在進行時喬治進來了。e.g.2.  the moment he spoke i recognized his voice. 他一說話我就聽出了他的聲音。2.      條件狀語從句 （adverbial clause of condition） 條件狀語從句主要由下列連詞引導：if, unless, supposing, suppose, provided 等；有時由一些起著連詞作用的詞組來引導：so long as, as long as, in case, on condition that, even if等。e.g.1.  suppose she finds out, what shall we do then? 假如她發現了，我們怎么辦？e.g.2.  in case he arrives before i get back, please ask him to wait.如果我還沒回來他就到了，請讓他稍等。3.      目的狀語從句 （adverbial clause of purpose）目的狀語從句主要由以下這些連詞引導：in order that, so that, so, that, lest等；有時由一些起著連詞作用的詞組引導：for fear (that), in case等。e.g.1.  ask her to hurry up with the letters so that i can sign them.讓她快點把信打好，以便我能簽字。e.g.2. she didn’t dare to call me for fear they might hear us. 她不敢叫我，唯恐他們會聽到。4. 結果狀語從句  （adverbial clause of result）結果狀語從句主要由so…that, such…that引導, that有時可以省略，特別是在口語中。 e.g. they had such a fierce dog that no one dared to go near their house. 他們的狗那樣兇，誰也不敢走近他們家。 5. 原因狀語從句 （（adverbial clause of reason）原因狀語從句主要由以下這些連詞引導：because, as, since。有時由seeing, considering, now that, given等引導。e.g.1. because it was wet he took a taxi.由于下雨他叫了一輛出租車。e.g.2. considering he has only just started, he knows quite a lot about it. 考慮到他剛剛開始，對此他算是知道得很多了。