2022屆高考英語常見詞及短語辨析
33 broad; wide 兩者都表示兩邊或兩點之間的距離都有“寬的”之意, 但broad著重某物覆蓋面的范圍 (如肩、背、胸等的寬),還可表示“寬宏大量”;wide著重指邊沿間相隔的距離以及“廣泛”之意。如:
looking at the new-type camera, the young man with broad shoulders was surprised with his mouth wide open.
看著那個新型相機,那個肩寬背闊的年輕人驚奇得張大了嘴巴。
he’s a broad-minded person; he’ll never be disappointed by such a small failure.
他是個心胸寬廣的人;決不會因為那么一次小小的失敗而感到失望。
34 but/however 這兩個連詞都有“但是,可是,然而”之意。but連接兩個分句或有關部分,表示轉折或邏輯上的對比關系,使用最廣,口語中更為常見。如:
we love peace but we are not afraid of war.我們熱愛和平,但我們并不害怕戰爭。
however轉折意味比but弱,連接的兩個分句或有關部分的關系較為松弛,后一部分常起附帶說明或襯托作用。however常以插入語形式出現在句子中間,前后用逗號隔開,也可置于句首或句末。如:
later,however,he decided to go.可是后來他決定去了。
35 by oneself;oneself by oneself=alone,without help。強調“在無他人或他物的情況下”或“無幫助的情況下”;
oneself作同位語,表示強調本人。
試比較:
if you come to my house,i’ll cook for you myself.
如果你來我家,我將親自下廚。(強調親手為你做飯)
can you cook by yourself now? 你現在能單獨做飯了嗎?(強調無他人協作)
36 by sea;by the sea by sea意為“走海路;坐輪船”,其中by表示乘坐交通工具或行走方式,by與名詞間不可用冠詞;by the sea意為“在海邊”,其中by表示“在……旁邊”,by與后面的名詞間常有冠詞修飾。如:
they will go to america by sea. 他們將坐輪船去美國。
there is a small village by the sea.海邊有個小村莊。
請比較下面類似有這樣區別的短語:
by ship 乘船 by a ship 在一艘輪船旁邊
by land 從陸路 by the land 在岸邊(在陸地旁邊)
by taxi 乘出租車 by the taxi 在出租車旁邊
by road 從陸路 by the road 在路邊
c
37 catch sb.doing sth; be (get) caught in sth. catch sb.doing sth.作“碰(遇)上某人正在做某事”解。例如:
the policeman caught two men fighting in the street.警察碰見兩個人在街上打架。
the man was caught stealing the apples.那人偷蘋果時,被當場發現。
be (get) caught in sth.“遇上……而受阻”之意。例如:
i got caught in the traffic.我因交通堵塞而受阻。
i was caught in a storm on my way to school.我在去學校的路上遇到了暴雨。
38 care about; care for; care; care to care about“關心;計較;在乎”,指由于某事重要,或因責任所在而關心計較,一般用于否定句。如: he doesn't care about his clothes.他不講究衣著。 i don't care about going there.去不去那里,我無所謂。 care for“關心;照料;喜歡;愿意”。作“關心;照料”講,一般用于肯定句或疑問句。如: who will care for your children when you are away﹖ 你離開期間誰照顧你的孩子? how the party cares for us! 黨是多么關心我們啊! would you care for a walk? 你愿意去散步嗎? he cares more for fine new clothes than for anything else. 他喜愛漂亮的新衣勝于其他的一切。 care還可作及物動詞,但其后通常接從句。如: i don't care who you are.我不管你是誰。 i don't care what you say.不論你說什么,我都不在乎。 care to“愿意,欲望”,后接動詞原形。如: i don’t care to go there.我不愿意去那里。