2022屆高考英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)詞及短語(yǔ)辨析
39 carry off; carry away; carry out 表示“運(yùn)走”;“掠走”,用carry off或carry away均可。但兩者也有不同之處:carry off可表示“奪得”某種獎(jiǎng)賞;carry away可表示“吸引住”。如: after destroying the village, the enemy carried off/away all the cattle. 在毀掉村子之后,敵人把牲畜都掠走了。 i carried off the first prize.我獲得了頭等獎(jiǎng)。 we were carried away by her songs.她的歌聲令我們渾然忘我。 carry out的意思是“搬出(某物)”;“履行(計(jì)劃或義務(wù)等)”。如: would you please carry out the desk into the garden﹖ 請(qǐng)你把桌子搬到花園里去好嗎? you must carry out your duty. 你必須履行你的職責(zé)。
40 carry out; carry on 注意兩者的區(qū)別:carry out意為“執(zhí)行、實(shí)行”;carry on表示“(繼續(xù))進(jìn)行、進(jìn)行下去”,強(qiáng)調(diào)堅(jiān)持。如:
the group of soldiers carried out a secret military action the other day.
幾天前,這群士兵執(zhí)行了一次秘密的軍事行動(dòng)。
comrades in germany were carrying on a heroic fight against war under conditions of fascism at that time.
那時(shí),在德國(guó)的同志正在法西斯的統(tǒng)治區(qū)進(jìn)行一場(chǎng)英勇的反戰(zhàn)斗爭(zhēng)。
41 cause; reason; excuse cause意為“起因”、“原因”,指引起某種結(jié)果的必然原因,即主要事實(shí)方面的原因,常和effect連用,表示因果關(guān)系。如:
i don’t know the cause and effect.我不知道此事的前因后果。
the cause of the fire was carelessness.失火的原因是粗心大意。
reason意為“理由”、“原因”,指用以解釋某些已發(fā)生的事情的理由或借口,這種理由可能是也可能不是真正的理由,強(qiáng)調(diào)邏輯推理方面的理由。如:
there are many reasons for animals dying out.動(dòng)物的絕種有許多原因。
tell us your reason for changing the plan.告訴我們你改變計(jì)劃的原因。
excuse指為免受指責(zé)和推卸責(zé)任而找的“理由”、“原因”也就是我們常說(shuō)的“借口”。如:
too much work is no excuse for absence.工作太忙不能成為缺席的理由。
i haven’t done the work well,my excuse is that i have been ill. 我沒(méi)把工作做好,我的理由是我病了。
42 cheer/greet/welcome cheer意為“歡呼”,側(cè)重表示高聲呼叫以示歡迎,強(qiáng)調(diào)氣氛的活躍,常含鼓勵(lì)之意。如: the boys cheered their football team.孩子們?yōu)樗麄兊淖闱蜿?duì)喝彩。 greet表示用語(yǔ)言、行動(dòng)等“迎接”,常含“友好、熱情、親切”之意。如: we greeted our guests at the gate. 我們?cè)诖箝T(mén)口迎接客人。 welcome常表示“歡迎新人、新事、新主張”等。如: we welcome the new ideas. 我們歡迎新思想。
43 clear away, clear up, clear off clear away表示“清除掉”、“收拾掉”、“散掉”、“消散”;clear up表示“露出(喜色)”、“(天氣)放晴”、“清理”、“整理”;clear off表示“走開(kāi)”、“離開(kāi)”。
[exercises]
1) we must ____ such ideas among ourselves. 2) she ____ her desk before she moved to another school. 3) the sky looks as if it would ____ soon. 4) ____ before i call the police. 5) his face ____ when he read the letter. key: 1) clear away 2) cleared up 3) clear up 4) clear off 5) cleared up