Unit3 Tomorrow’s World單元學(xué)案
5 an argument has been put forward that some viewers will be disappointed by realcine because vr is not real.here that is used to introduce an appositive clause 'some viewers will bedisappointed by realcine because vr is not real.' this clause refers to 'an argument' and that cannot be omitted. your belief that things will improve is too optimistic. your suggestion that we should pay more attention to our table manners is a good one. ……語法點津passive voice 英文動詞有主動語態(tài) active voice 和被動語態(tài) passive voice 之分。如果主語是動作或狀態(tài)的「發(fā)出者」，動詞就用主動語態(tài)；如果主語是動作或狀態(tài)的「承受者」，動詞就用被動語態(tài)。例如： 1. john encouraged mary.﹝約翰鼓勵瑪莉。﹞ 2. mary was encouraged by john.﹝瑪莉受到約翰鼓勵。﹞ ※ 第一句的動詞 "encouraged" 是主動語態(tài)；第二句的動詞 "was encouraged"是被動語態(tài)。動詞被動語態(tài)的基本形態(tài)是： 助動詞be + 及物動詞的過去分詞(-ed分詞)動詞的被動語態(tài)通常有六種時、體形式：即一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行體、過去進(jìn)行體、現(xiàn)在完成體和過去完成體。1.simple present tense主動語態(tài)： i teach him.被動語態(tài)： he is taught by me.2. simple past tense主動語態(tài)： i taught him yesterday. 被動語態(tài)： he was taught by me yesterday.3.present continuous tense主動語態(tài)： i am teaching him.被動語態(tài)： he is being taught by me.4.past continuous tense主動語態(tài)： i was teaching him when you came. 被動語態(tài)： he was being taught by me when you came.5. present perfect tense主動語態(tài)： i have taught him. 被動語態(tài)： he has been taught by me.6. past perfect tense主動語態(tài)： i had taught him before you came. 被動語態(tài)： he had been taught by me before you came.一般將來時 simple future tense 也常常有這種被動語態(tài)形式主動語態(tài)： i shall teach him tomorrow. 被動語態(tài)： he will be taught by me tomorrow.動詞由主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的步驟：1. 先找出謂語動詞； 2. 再找出謂語動詞后的賓語； 3. 把賓語用作被動語態(tài)中的主語；4. 注意人稱、時態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。例：1. bruce writes a letter every week. →a letter is written by bruce every week.2. li lei mended the broken bike this morning.→the broken bike was mended by li lei this morning.3. he has written two novels so far.→two novels have been written by him so far.4. they will plant ten trees tomorrow.→ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow.5. lucy is writing a letter now.→a letter is being written by lucy now.