高一英語Friendship教學案
-XX學年高一英語必修1(冀教版)素材(含教案和練習)
unit 2 friendship (2)
一. 教學內(nèi)容:
unit 2 friendship(ii)
二. 語法講解
i. 定語從句
在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句(attributive clauses)。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。定語從句由關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞引出。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中擔任句子成分。
關(guān)系代詞有:who, whom, whose, that, which
關(guān)系副詞有:when, where, why
(1)關(guān)系代詞引導的定語從句
關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞,并在句中充當主語、賓語、定語等
成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。
①who, whom, that
這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞,在從句中所起作用如下:
is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是你想見的人嗎?(who/that在從句中作主語)
he is the man whom/ that i saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天見的那個人。(whom/that在從句中作賓語)
②whose 用來指人或物,(只用作定語, 若指物,它還可以同of which互換)。
例如:they rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.
那人車壞了,大家都跑過去幫忙。
please pass me the book whose (of which) the cover is green.
請遞給我那本綠皮的書。
③which, that
它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞,在從句中可作主語、賓語等。
例如:a prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.
農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。(which / that在句中作賓語)
the package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.
你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作賓語)
(2)關(guān)系副詞引導的定語從句
關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞,在從句中作狀語。
①when, where, why
關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的含義相當于“介詞+ which”結(jié)構(gòu),因此常常和“介詞+which”結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用。
例如:there are occasions when (on which) one must yield.
任何人都有不得不屈服的時候。
beijing is the place where (in which) i was born.
北京是我的出生地。
is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?
這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎?
注意:先行詞表示地點或時間時,有時用where或when,有時用that(which)引導定語從句,這時要根據(jù)從句的謂語動詞是及物的還是不及物的。如果是及物的就用that(which),否則用where或when。
例如:this is the house where he lived last year.
這是他去年住過的房子。
this is the house that (which) he visited last year.
這是去年他參觀過的房子。
i thought of the happy days when i stayed in beijing.
我想起了我在北京呆過的快樂日子。
i have never forgotten the day which we spent together.
我永遠不會忘記我們一起度過的日子。
②that代替關(guān)系副詞
that可以用于表示時間、地點、方式、理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和“介詞+ which”引導的定語從句,在口語中that常被省略。