中學生英語學習常見錯誤一覽表4

say speak talk tell
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英文中"說"一般有四個詞，其中say和tell為及物動詞。tell可以加雙賓語，如please tell me a story. 而speak與talk為不及物動詞。speak只有后面直接加"語言"時才是及物的，如： please speak english. 請看下句： he went on talking for a long time, but he spoke so fast that few of us could catch what he said.��
sea ��
［誤］ as a boy his great ambition(抱負) was to go to the sea.��
［正］ as a boy his great ambition was to go to sea.��
［析］ go to sea為"去當水手、海員"；而go to the sea=go to the seaside, 如： he want to go to the sea for his vacation.��
在"海中"游泳為in the sea; at sea為在"海上航行"，如： i have a brother at sea. by sea為"坐船"、"由海路運輸"，如： we travelled to new york by sea.��
second ��
［誤］ i want to learn the second foreign language.��
［正］ i want to learn a second foreign language.��
［析］ 當作為"第二"外語，"再增加一個"時，不要用the second而要用a second. the second強調排隊的次序，a second強調再增加一個。��
see ��
［誤］ he was seen leave the room.��
［正］ he was seen to leave the room.��
［析］ see作主動態時用作to see somebody do something, 而用作被動態時則是somebody to be seen to do something. 要注意慣用法let me see(讓我想想)。��
sheep ��
［誤］ there are five sheeps on the grass.��
［正］ there are five sheep on the grass.��
［析］ sheep是單、復數同形名詞，其他的還有： deer(鹿)，fish(魚)等。��
ship ��
［誤］ i travelled on a yacht.��
［正］ i travelled on a ship (in a yacht).��
［析］ 雖然都是船，但游艇(yacht)要用in, 而ship要用on.��
sick ��
［誤］ the little boy was a ill boy.��
［正］ the little boy was a sick boy.��
［析］ sick與ill作表語時都表示"有病"之意，如： he feels ill. 或he feels sick. 都對，但作定語時則只能用sick.��
since ��
［誤］ he is living in greece since 1978.��
［正］ he has lived in greece since 1978.��
［正］ he has been living in greece since 1978.��
［析］
由since引出的狀語從句意為"自從"某時一直如何，主句要用完成時或完成進行時。 ��
［誤］ she has been quite different since came back from america.��
［正］ she has been quite different since coming back from america.��
［析］ 分詞短語可以用在after, before, since等介詞后面。��
sleep ��
［誤］ the boy was very asleep.��
［正］ the boy was fast asleep.��
［析］ 熟睡在英文中為fast asleep. 非正式英語中一般不常用he's sleeping. 而常講he's asleep. 其形容詞sleepy是"困倦的"，如： i shall go to bed now. i'm so sleepy. "臥鋪"英國人講sleeping car，而美國人講sleeper.��
slow ��
［誤］ slow the door opened.��
［正］ slowly the door opened.��
［析］ slow與slowly的用法與意思相同，在口語中和路標中多用slow，如： tell him to drive slower. slow, dangerous bend. 但是如果用在動詞前還是要用slowly.��