Unit 3 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes

    主語＋is / am / are + being ＋過去分詞

    再如：my car is being repaired now.

    some new houses are being built near the park.

    含有情態動詞的被動語態：  情態動詞＋be＋過去分詞

    teenagers should be allowed to wear their own clothes.

    the flowers should be watered every day.

water can be changed into ice by us.

the english homework must be handed in this afternoon.

    這里我們列舉了幾個主要時態，那么其它時態呢？

一般將來時  主語＋will ＋be ＋過去分詞

現在完成時  主語＋have / has ＋been ＋過去分詞

    過去將來時  主語＋would / should + be ＋過去分詞

    過去進行時  主語＋was / were + being ＋過去分詞

    過去完成時  主語＋had + been +過去分詞

  3. 被動語態的用法：

    （1）不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執行者是誰，不用“by＋動作執行者”的短語

    such books are written for children. 這些書是為兒童寫的。

    i haven’t been told about it .  沒有人告訴我這件事。

    （2）強調動作的承受者，這時應用by短語。

    the cup was broken by david.

    （3）作客觀說明時，常采用一種被動語態句型

    it’s / was said / believed / reported / + that …

    it’s reported that about three hundred people were killed in this earthquake.

    據報道，這次地震中大約有三百人死亡。

  4. 主動語態變為被動語態

    把主動語態的句子變為被動語態的方法是：

    （1）把原句中的賓語變為主語

    （2）動詞改為被動形式，即be+過去分詞

（3）原來的主語，如果需要的話，放在by后面，如果沒必要，可省略。

  5. 被動語態的幾種類型

    （1）有兩個賓語的句子的被動語態（直接賓語，間接賓語）

    常見的接雙賓語的動詞有
①間接賓語改為被動語態的主語，直接賓語保留原位。

②直接賓語改為被動語態的主語，間接賓語前加介詞to /for。

he gave the boy an apple.

→the boy was given an apple.

→ an apple was given to the boy.

her father bought her a present.

→she was bought a present by her father.

→a present was bought for her by her father.

（2）不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語的主動語態改為被動語態時，省略的to要加上。

常考的動詞有make, let, have, see, watch, notice, hear→sb be made/ let/ had/ seen/ watched/ notice/ heard/ to do sth

they heard the children sing that morning.

→ the children were heard to sing that morning.

the teacher made the little boy stand in the classroom.