初中英語語法總復習提綱2

(4) (第一次使用)復數名詞表示人或事物的類別時不用。如：men are cleverer than monkeys.(人比猴子聰明)(5)   三餐飯前不用。如：we have breakfast at home and lunch at school.(我們在家吃早飯,在校吃午飯)(6)   節、假日前一般不用。如：on children’s day the boys often get presents from their parents.(在兒童節,這些男孩經常得到父母的禮物)(7)   球類名詞前不用。如：the children play football on saturday afternoons.(孩子們星期六下午踢足球)(8)   城市的重要/主要建筑物名稱前不用。如：they are now at people’s cinema.(他們此刻在人民電影院)       (9)  一些習慣用語中不用。如：⑴ at / to / from / out of / after / for school; ⑵ in / to / for / after class; ⑶in / to / out of / into bed; ⑷ after / at/ from / out of / to work;  ⑸ at / to sea; ⑹ in / from / down / to town; ⑺ at / from home; ⑻ at / for / to breakfast/lunch/supper; ⑼ at night/noon/midnight; ⑽ on foot; ⑾ go to school/bed; ⑿ on top of; ⒀ in front of; ⒁ on show/display/duty/watch; ⒂ in / out of hospital; ⒃ at all; ⒄ on/in time; ⒅ at first/last/once; ⒆ in chinese/english,etc.; ⒇ take care of 六、形容詞、副詞：1、形容詞：用來說明或修飾名詞、代詞的詞稱為形容詞。1、形容詞的句法作用：作句子中名詞的定語、句子的表語以及賓語補足語。2、形容詞在句子中的位置：⑴作定語時放在名詞的前面,且音節少的詞放在音節多的詞之前。如：a big yellow wooden wheel(一個黃色的大木輪)⑵作表語時放在連系動詞之后。如：the price sounds reasonable.(這個價格聽起來算是合理)⑶作賓語補足語時放在賓語之后。如：we must try our best to keep our environment clean.(我們必須盡力保持我們的環境清潔)⑷后置的情況：①修飾復合不定代詞時放在代詞之后。如：something serious has happened to him.(他發生了嚴重的事故)②與表示“長、寬、高、重、老、遠離”的詞連用時形容詞后置。如：he’s 1.8 metres tall.(他身高1.8米。)the moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.(月球離地38萬公里)3、有關形容詞的用法辨析：⑴ whole與all：記住兩個詞序：① the whole + 名詞； ②all (of) the + 名詞。如：he was busy the whole morning.(整個早晨他都很忙) / he can remember all the words he learns.(他能記住學過的所有單詞)⑵ tall與high, short與low：指人的個子時用tall與short；指其他事物時一般用high與low。如：he’s very tall/short.(他個子高/矮) / tall trees are standing on both sides of that avenue.(大道的兩側有高大的樹木) / a few people live on high mountains.(少量的人住在高山上)⑶ real與true：real一般指東西的真假,譯為“真的”；而true則指事情或消息的可靠性,譯為“真實的”。如：this is a real diamond(鉆石) and it’s very expensive.(這是貨真價實的鉆石,非常貴) / --is that true?—yes. i heard it with my own ears.(那真實嗎？ 是的,我親耳所聽)