初一至初三全程英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及練習(xí)5
§284 path/ road/ way
ⅰ. path “道路”側(cè)重于指“小道;小徑”通常指走出來的路或指人行道等。如:
a) there is a path to the top of the hill. 有一條小路通向山頂。
b) keep to the pathor you maybe lose your way. 沿著這條路走,否則你可能會(huì)迷路。
ⅱ. road 通常人和交通工具通行的一條條的路,它可以用作借喻,表示導(dǎo)致……途徑。如:
① where does this road lead to?這條路通什么地方?
② it was very hot day, and the road was terrible dusty. 那是非常炎熱的一天,路上的塵土多得驚人。
③ it is the road to success. 這是成功之路。
ⅲ. way 不是指人和交通工具通行的一條條的路,而是指要達(dá)到特定的地點(diǎn)必須通過的地方。如:
① it is a long way from here to the station. 從這兒到車站有一大段路。
② which is the shortest way there? 到那兒去哪條路最近?
③ they are still on the way. 他們還在路上。
§285 personal/ personnel
ⅰ. personal [`pә:sәnl]與 personnel[ֽpә:sә`nel]兩個(gè)詞音形相近,但詞性和詞義不同。如:
personal 是形容詞,“個(gè)人的;私人的;親身的”。
① that is my personal opinion. 那是我個(gè)人的意見。
② she made a personal appearance. 她親自到場(chǎng)。
ⅱ. personnel 是個(gè)集體名詞,沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式!叭w人員;工作人員”如:
① our personnel are very highly trained. 我們的工作人員訓(xùn)練有素。
② the personnel are unhappy about these changes. 全體工作人員都不滿意這些變動(dòng)。
§286 point / score
ⅰ. point 指在考試、比賽中的“分”。如:
① 90 points . 90 分
② we won / lost the game by 3 points. 我們以三分之差得勝/ 失敗。
ⅱ. score 指“成績”。如:
① a score of 90 points . 90分的成績。
② she scored 20points in the competition. = her score of the competition is 20. 她在競(jìng)賽中得了20分。
§287 point to/ point at
point to 與point at 都有用手指著某人或某物的意思。但后者還可表“對(duì)準(zhǔn);瞄準(zhǔn)”之意。如:
① she pointed to a boy and said that he was her brother.
② he pointed his gun at the enemy and shouted “hands up”他把口對(duì)準(zhǔn)敵人,大聲喊:“舉起手來”。
§288 police/ policeman
ⅰ. police 常用作復(fù)數(shù),其后不加-s. 如:
① the police are on duty. 那些警察在值班。
ⅱ. policeman “警察”與police 同意。其復(fù)數(shù)形式為policemen. (policewoman→policewomen) .但表一個(gè)警察時(shí),應(yīng)說:one / a policeman. 而不說:one / a police.
§289 problem/ question
ⅰ. problem 通常指須急于解決或決定的重大問題或難題。如
① this is a difficult social problem to solve. 這是很難解決的社會(huì)問題。
② he is clever enough to work out the maths problem.
ⅱ. question 著重指由于對(duì)某事感到疑惑不解或不能斷定而提出,并等待解答的問題。一般是不難的,在較短時(shí)間內(nèi)能解決的問題。因此,我們可說:answer the question. 如: