2018高考英語備考 主謂一致和倒裝
a pair of shoes was on the desk.
⑨t(yī)his kind of book = a book of this kind(這種書)，其謂語動(dòng)詞；短語this kind of men = men of this kind = these kind of
men(口語)（這一類人），但this kind of men的謂語用單數(shù)，men of this kind和these kind of men的謂語用復(fù)數(shù)，all kinds of后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
this kind of men is dangerous.
men of theis kind/sort are dangerous.
⑩復(fù)數(shù)形式的單、復(fù)數(shù)同形名詞作主語時(shí)，按意義一致的原則，用作單數(shù)意義時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)，反之，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。這類名詞有means、works、species(種類)、chinese、japanese等。當(dāng)它們的前面有 a、such a、this、that修飾時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)；有all、such、these、those修飾時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。
○11如果名詞詞組中心詞是all、most、half、rest等詞語，所指是復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，反之用單數(shù)。
all of my students work hard.
all of the oil is gone.
○12在主謂倒裝的句子中，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主語一致。如：
between the two windows hangs an oil painting.
（2）由連接詞連接的名詞作主語。
①用and或both … and 連接并列主語，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。但如果并列主語指的是同一個(gè)人，同一事物或同一概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，這時(shí)and后面的名詞沒有冠詞。
truth and honesty is the best policy.
to love and to be loved is the great h app iness.
going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.
a knife and fork is on the table.
②當(dāng)主語后面跟有as well as、as much as、no less than、along with、with、like、rather than、together with、but、except、besides、including、in addition to等引導(dǎo)的詞組時(shí)，采取“就遠(yuǎn)原則”。
③以or、either … or、neigher … nor、not only … but also等連接的詞作主語時(shí)，采取“就近原 則”。
（3）代詞作主語。
①名詞型物主代詞連接的動(dòng)詞，既可以用單數(shù)，也可以用復(fù)數(shù)，這取決于它所代替的是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。
ours (our p arty) is a great party.
your shoes are white, mine (= my shoes) are black.
②such、the same起指示代詞作用時(shí)，應(yīng)根據(jù)其所指的內(nèi)容來決定單、復(fù)數(shù)。
such is our plan. such are his last words.
③關(guān)系代詞who、that、which等在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與句中先行詞的數(shù)一致。
④疑問詞who、what、which作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞可根據(jù)說話人所要表達(dá)的意思決定單、復(fù)數(shù)。
who lives next door? it is xiao liu.
who lives next door? it is wang and li.
⑤不定代詞any、either、neither、none、all、some、more等作主語時(shí)，要注意下列情況：
（a）單獨(dú)作主語時(shí)，視其在文中的意義，動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)形式。now all has been changed. all are present.（b）其后接of時(shí)，若of的賓語為不可數(shù)名詞，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；若of的賓語為復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞時(shí)，動(dòng)詞可以是單數(shù)，也可以是復(fù)數(shù)；在正式文體中，單數(shù)形式的動(dòng)詞更常用。do (es) any of you know about the accident? none of us has
(have) seen the film.