2019屆高考英語動詞的時態和語態
動詞的時態和語態【知識點歸納】
i.動詞時態和語態的構成形式
主動語態的構成
一般現在時一般過去時do/does,( is/am/are )did,(was/were)
現在進行時過去進行時is/am/are doing was/were doing
現在完成時過去完成時has/have done had done
現在完成進行時過去完成進行時has/have been doing had been doing
一般將來時過去將來時will/shall do is/am/are going to do
is/am/are(about)to do would/should do was/were going to do
was/were(about)to do
被動語態的構成
一般現在時一般過去時is/am/are done/was/were done
現在進行時過去進行時is/am/are being done/was/were being done
現在完成時過去完成時has/have been donehad been done
一般將來時過去將來時will/shall be done is/am/are going to be done
is/am/are(about)to be donewould/should be done
was/were going to be done was/were(about)to be done
ii.動詞時態的用法
1.一般現在時
①一般現在時表示經常發生、習慣性動作、客觀真理、科學事實、格言，目前的特征、狀態、能力等;
②主句是一般將來時,時間、條件狀語從句中用一般現在時表示將來;
i’ll go there after i finish my work.
if it rains tomorrow,i won’t go there.
③在以here,there開頭的句子里，go,come等少數動詞的一般在時表示正在發生的動作;
there goes the bell.鈴響了。there comes the bus.汽車來了。here she comes.她來了。
注意：近幾年，對一般現在時的考查常用過去時態或現在完成時態對考生進行干擾
months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across the open sea, which_____ the pacific,and we met no storm.
a. was called b. is called c. had been called d. has been called
雖然航海發生在過去，但是，海洋的名稱不會因此而變化，所以要用一般現在時。
2.現在進行時
①表示正在進行的動作;
②表示按計劃安排即將發生的動作。
she is leaving for beijing.她要去北京。
he is working as a teacher tomorrow.從明天起他要做老師。
my father is coming to see me this saturday.這個星期六我爸爸要來看我。
③代替一般現在時，描繪更加生動。
the changjiang river is flowing into the east.江水滾滾向東流。
the sun is rising in the east.太陽從東方冉冉升起。
④與always, forever, constantly, continually連用，表示贊賞或厭惡等感情色彩，但并非強調動作正在進行;
he is always helping others.他總是肯幫助他人。
she is always forgetting something.她老是忘記某些事情。
⑤大多數動詞可用于進行時，但也有些動詞不用于進行時。
常見的有：
▲感覺類：look, smell, feel, sound, taste, see, hear