2019屆高考英語動詞的時態和語態
when he was young, he would go swimming.
注意：would與used to的區別：would只表示過去，不涉及現在，而used to表示“過去常常”要與現在比較，即現在不是這樣了。
11.要求一定時態的固定的句型
①was/were doing sth. when…did sth.(正在做某事，這時突然……)
i was reading a book when the bell rang.
②was/were about to do sth. when…did sth. (正要做某事，這時突然……)
we were about to leave when the telephone rang.
③it(this) is(will be ) the first/second/third…time+ that…
it’s the first time i’ve seen her.
we have been there three times.
如果句中有比較確定的時間狀語，則服從時間狀語的要求。
last year i saw him many times.
④it is/has been… since…
it is (has been) two weeks since i came here.
she said it was five hours since she had finished her work.
⑤hardly… when…\no sooner… than…
hardly had we got in the crops when it began to rain.
i had no sooner come into the room than the door was closed.
⑥it(this) is(will be ) the first/second/third…time+ that…
this is the first time i have been here.
it'll be the first time i've spoken in public.
iii.被動語態的用法
被動語態表示句子的主語是動作的承受者，也就是動作的對象，一般說來只有及物動詞才有被動語態。其構成為"be+及物動詞的過去分詞"。助動詞be有人稱、數和時態的變化，其變化規則與be作為連系動詞時完全一樣。含有情態動詞的謂語變化為被動語態時，由"情態動詞(can, may must, have to等)+be +動詞的-ed形式。含有"be going to , be to, used to, be about to"等結構的復合謂語變為被動語態時，其構成為"be going to (be to, used to, be about to)+ be +動詞的-ed形式"構成。
1.被動語態的適用范圍
①當我們不知道誰是動作的執行者，或者沒有必要指出誰是動作的執行者時。這時不用by短語。
this jacket is made of cotton. 這件上衣是棉料的。
②為了強調動作的承受者時
visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 要求參觀者不可觸摸展品。
③出于策略、委婉、禮貌等不提出動作的執行者
you are said to be active recently. 據說你最近很活躍。
常用于如下句型：
it's not known that… ……不得而知 it's said that… 據說……
it's reported that… 據報道…… it's not decided that…尚未決定
it's believed that… 據認為…… it's announced that…據宣布……
2.被動語態的句型
①常見句式是：主語(受動者)+be+過去分詞+(by+施動者)
he was scolded by the english teacher.
②主語+get+過去分詞+其它成分
the boy got drowned last summer./ she got fired because of her faults.
使用這種結構不能帶有“by+施動者”
在現代英語中大量地出現了由"get+及物動詞的過去分詞"構成的被動語態，這就叫做get-型被動語態。get-型被動語態中的過去分詞數量有限，通常為單個的動詞或比較簡單的動詞短語。