2019高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語教案: 情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣
(3)must后接完成式的用法:表示對過去某事的推測,認(rèn)為某事在過去一定做到 了,如:liu dong isn’t in the classroom. he must have gone to the library.
5、have to 的基本用法:have to和must的意義相近,只是 must側(cè)重表示說話人的主觀看法,而have to 則表示客觀需要,如:i must study hard. i had to give it up because of illness.
6、ought to的基本用法
(l)表示根據(jù)某種義務(wù)或必要“應(yīng)當(dāng)”做某事,語氣比should強,例如:everyone ought to obey the traffic regulations. (2)表示推測,注意與must表示推測時的區(qū)別:he must be home by now .(斷定他已到家),he ought to be home by now .(不十分肯定),this is where the oil must be.(比較直率) ,this is where the oil ought to be. (比較含蓄) ;(3)“ought + have+ 過去分詞”表示過去應(yīng)做某事而 實際未做。例如:you ought to have helped him. (but you didn’t) 這時,ought與 should可以互相換用。注意,在美國英語中ought to 用于否定和疑問句時to可以省略。例如:ought you smoke so much? you oughtn’t smoke so much.
7、dare的基本用法
(l)dare (dared為其過去式) 作情態(tài)動詞用時,主要用于否定句,疑問句和條件從句中,如:dared he bread the traffic regulations again? (2)在現(xiàn)代英語中dare常用作行為動詞,其變化與一般行為動詞相同,如:she dares to stay at home alone at night.
8、need的基本用法
(1)need作情態(tài)動詞用時,主要用于否定句和疑問句中,如:he needn't worry about us now. (2)need也可作為行為動詞用,可用于肯定句,否定句和疑問句中,其后可接名詞、代詞、動名詞或帶 to 的動詞不定式為其賓語。如:you need to practise reading aloud every day. (3)needn't后接完成式可以表示過去做了一件本來不必要做的事情,如:---- did you answer the letter yesterday? ---- yes, i did. ---- but you needn’t have answered it.
9、shall的基本用法
(1)shall用作情態(tài)動詞時,用于第二、三人稱,表示說活人的意愿,可表示“命令”、“警告”、“強制”、“威脅”或“允諾”等意,如:he shall go first, whether he wants to or not. (2)在疑問句中,shall用于第一、三人稱,表示說話人的征詢對方意見或請求指示,如:shall i open the door?
10、should的基本用法
(1)should作為情態(tài)動詞可以表示“建議”或“勸告”,有“應(yīng)該”之意,如:you should learn from each other. (2)should后接完成式表示過去沒有做到本來應(yīng)該做的事情,或是做了本來不應(yīng)該做的事情。如:you should have give him more help.
11、will的基本用法
(1)用于各人稱,可以表示“意志”或“決心”,如:i have told him again and again to stop smoking, but he will not listen. (2)在疑問句中用于第二人稱,表示說話人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣埱蠡蛟儐枌Ψ降囊庠福纾簑ill you please tell me how to get to the capital gymnasium? (3)will可以表示一種習(xí)慣性的動作,有“總是”或“會要”之意,如:every morning he will have a walk along this river.