2019高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)教案: 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣
12、would的基本用法
(1)would作為will的過(guò)去式，可用于各人稱(chēng)，表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的“意志”或“決心”，如：he promised he would never smoke again.
(2)在疑問(wèn)句中，用于第二人稱(chēng)，表示說(shuō)話人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求或許問(wèn)對(duì)方的意愿時(shí)，比用will的氣更加婉轉(zhuǎn)，如：would you like some more coffee?
(3)在日常生活中，學(xué)用“i would like to…”表示“我想要”或“我愿意”之意，以使語(yǔ)氣婉轉(zhuǎn)，如：i would like to do ex.2 first.
(4)would可以表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作，比used to正式，并沒(méi)有“現(xiàn)已無(wú)此習(xí)慣”的含義。如：last year our english teacher would sometimes tell us stories in english after class. / during the vacation he would visit me every week.
(5)表料想或猜想，如：it would be about ten when he left home./ what would she be doing there?/ i thought he would have told you about it.
13、used to, had better, would rather的用法
(1)used to表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，現(xiàn)在已不存在，在間接引語(yǔ)中，其形式可不變，例如：he told us he used to play foot ball when he was young. 在疑問(wèn)句、否定句、否定疑問(wèn)句或強(qiáng)調(diào)句中，可有兩種形式。疑問(wèn)句：did you use to/ used you to go to the same school as your brother? 否定句：i usedn’t to / didn’t use to go there. (usedn’t 也可寫(xiě)作usen’t)；否定疑問(wèn)句：usen’t you to/ didn’t you use to be interested in the theatre? 強(qiáng)調(diào)句：i certainly used to/ did use to smoke, but it was a long time ago.；其反意疑問(wèn)句或簡(jiǎn)略回答中，也有兩種形式：she used to be very fat. didn’t she?/ use(d)n’t she? did you use to play chess? yes, i did./ used you to get up early in the morning? yes, i did./ used to.
(2)had better意為“最好”，后接不帶to的不定式，例如：---- we had better go now . ---- yes, we had (we'd better/ we had better)./ hadn’t we better stop now? (had we better not stop now?)/ i think i’d better be going. (用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，表“最好立即”)/ you had better have done that (用于完成時(shí)態(tài)，表未完成動(dòng)作) 注：had better用于同輩或小輩，對(duì)長(zhǎng)輩不可用。
(3)would rather意為“寧愿”，表選擇，后接不帶to的不定式，例如：i’d rather not say anything./ would you rather work on a farm?/ ---- wouldn’t you rather stay here? ---- no, i would not. i’d rather go there. 由于would rather表選擇，因 而后可接than，例如：i would rather work on a farm than in a factory. / i would rather watch tv than go to see the film/ i would rather lose a dozen cherry trees than that you should tell me one lie./ i’d rather you didn’t talk about this to anyone. (句中的 'd rather不是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，would 在此是表愿望的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)。
虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法
一、語(yǔ)氣的種類(lèi)：英語(yǔ)句子中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)氣有四種：
1. 直陳語(yǔ)氣（the indicative mood）直陳語(yǔ)氣用于直截了當(dāng)?shù)仃愂鍪聦?shí)、描述狀態(tài)：